| Over the past 30 years and more since reform and opening-up,China's economy after nearly 30 years of rapid development,has created the "China miracle" in the economic history of world.However,China's economic development presents the characteristics of the high investment,high output and high pollution.Information released by the U.S.energy information administration shows that China's carbon emissions more than the United States in 2007,and become the world's largest carbon emitter of carbon dioxide.As the world's largest emitter of carbon,China is not only face pressure to reduce emissions from all over the world,but also face the contradiction between domestic resources and ecological environment.At the Copenhagen climate conference in 2009,China government put forward carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP decreased by 40 to 50 percent to 2020 than in 2005.Party's 18 proposed that facing the tighter resource constraints,serious environmental pollution and ecological degradation,we must set up a conception of respecting nature,complying with nature and protecting nature.Improving the efficiency of carbon emissions and reducing carbon emissions is the inevitable choice to realize the coordinated development of the economy and environment.This paper we use the method of Data envelopment analysis(DEA).29 provinces of china are used as the research objects,capital,labor and energy consumption as input,carbon dioxide as undesirable output,GDP as desire output.This part applies Super-SBM model and Malmquist-Luenberger index to measure carbon emission efficiency from the perspective of static and dynamic.What's more,dynamic efficiency is decomposed into technical efficiency and technological progress.The major conclusion from the static measurement are as follows:From 1995 to 2015,the most carbon dioxide efficient for five provinces are Shanghai,Hainan province,Qinghai province,Guangdong province and Jiangsu province,the efficiency of these provinces has been in a valid state.The lowest carbon dioxide efficient for five provinces are Xinjiang province,Guizhou province,Yunnan province,Shanxi province and shaanxi province.The carbon emissions efficient values of this provinces are below 0.5.If to Shanghai,Jiangsu province,etc in production provinces as reference,these provinces in the case of the inputs unchanged,expected output can be increased by 50%at least.The major conclusion from the dynamic measurement are as follows:From 1995 to 2015,the carbon emission efficiency in the four regions are broadly consistent with the whole country.However,significant difference still exist in the carbon emission efficiency of difference region.The efficiency of eastern provinces is the highest.The main driving force of the country's efficiency improving is technological progress.The role of technical efficiency plays is very small,but can't be ignored.Each province does not exist independently and there are economic and social contacts between different provinces.The assumption of traditional econometrics are not hold.This part will apply the model of spatial econometric to explore the factors of influencing the carbon emission efficiency.The major conclusion are as follows:From 1995 to 2015,the factors of economic scale,industrial structure and total export have a negative impact on the efficiency of carbon emission.The factor of technological progress and total import have a positive impact on the efficiency of carbon emission.The impact of government intervention,the structure of energy consumption,infrastructure construction and foreign direct investment is not significant.Finally,based on the empirical study,this paper puts forward some policy suggestion on how to improve the efficiency of carbon emission in china.The suggestion are as follows:Transformation of the model of economic development and improve the quality of economic growth.Adjusting the industrial structure,speeding up the upgrading of the industrial structure.Development of the low carbon technology,improving the technical efficiency.Guiding the foreign capital positively,optimizing the structure of foreign capital introduction.The innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)The Malmquist-Luenberger Index is used in the measurement of dynamic efficiency,rather than the index of Malmquist.(2)This paper introduce the spatial factor to analysis the influencing factors of carbon emission.In order to study the impact of foreign trade,import and export are considered.The disadvantages of this paper are as follows:(1)In terms of data,the number of carbon dioxide emission of this article may be discrepancy with reality.Both the static and dynamic model of measuring the carbon emission efficiency do not take into account of hysteresis of production.(2)The method of DEA has its own limitation.(3)There is still a relatively influential factors not taken into account in the study of affecting factors. |
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