Study On Synthesis And Flotation Test Of Low-grade Collophanite

With China's economy development,the market demand for phosphorus has been increased day by day,resulting the increasing demand for phosphate rock resources,and because of the ongoing exploitation of phosphorite,the rock phosphate easy to be processed has been declining and it has become more difficult to do ore dressing of phosphate minerals,among which the collophanite hard to be processed is mainly the middle and low grade collophanite resource.It is due to the minute grain size of disseminated phosphorite that useful phosphorus minerals and gangue minerals are difficult to be separated.Current phosphate collectors of fatty acids and the salts used in flotation have been unable to work effectively.In recent years,by the consideration of flotation workers that the fatty acid collectors can be used both in flotation and reverse flotation at low cost,in-depth study of the fatty acid collectors and the derivatives collectors has been developing continuously to improve the flotation performance,widen the types of reagents,and solve the technology problem of mineral processing.It is against this background that the experimental study on the synthesis of collector in this paper was carried out by taking vegetable oil residues as the raw material,applied to the flotation of the three-layer mineral collophanite from the Fangma Mountain,and verified in the laboratory,in factory water,in recycled water,and in industrial tests.Specific tests are as follows:(1)The new flotation collector HX-1B was synthesized by using vegetable oil residue as raw material,and the optimum synthesis conditions were discussed.Then,it was applied as the processing collector to the flotation test and reverse flotation test of three-layer mineral collophanite from Fangma Mountain;through the flotation test,good flotation performance has been achieved as following: for the original ore grade of 15.14%,the concentrate grade achieved at about 19%,the yield is about 75.45%,and the recovery rate is 91.38%;and then through the reverse flotation test,qualified concentrate grade has been achieved as following: the final concentrate grade is 28.73%,Mg O1.08%,and the yield is 43.13%,recovery rate is 81.60%.The grade of tailings X1 is 3.55%,the grade of tailings X2 if 3.59%,the grade of reverse tailings X3 is 5.83%,and the integrated tailings of weighted average is P2O5 grade 4.90%.(2)Based on the positive experimental flotation index data from the Fangma Mountain laboratory,further tonnage volume test was done.Following the same processes of small-scale flotation test in laboratory,through the adjustment of the chemical formula,and under the conditions of room temperature and close circulation,finally it achieved concentrate grade 28.33%,Mg O1.64%,tailing 5.86%,reverse flotation of tailing 5.12%.Collecting water in the water test and continuing recycled water test.Fine-tuning the chemical formula on the basis of the water test.The final concentrate grade of middle test under conditions of room temperature in recycled water and close circulation is 29.52%,Mg O1.50%,tailings 5.87%,and reverse flotation tailings 4.66%,what are very good indicators,laying the foundation for industrial experiments.(3)Based on the experimental data under conditions of room temperature in water and room temperature in recycled test,the industrial experiment was carried out on the three-layer mine of Fangma Mountain.Through the adjustment to the chemical formula in middle test,concentrate grade has achieved up to 28.19%,Mg O1.88%,tailings grade 6.87%,and the reverse tailing grade 4.07%,the yield 43.40%,the recovery rate 78.43%,which have fulfilled the requirements of industrial production.(4)In order to study the root mechanism of the new chemical,the contact angle,Zeta potential,infrared spectroscopy and other detection methods and means were applied,and it was concluded as following: When the p H value is at about 5,the contact angle between the collophanite and quartz turns very small which proves it belongs to the hydrophilic minerals,while the change of dolomite increases in hydrophobicity;and when the p H value is at about 10,the change of contact angle between the collophanite and dolomite increases in hydrophobicity,while the change of quartz contact angle is still small,belonging to the hydrophilic minerals.The results shows that the Zeta potential of dolomite is better adsorbed on the collector,while the change of the collophanite and quartz is much smaller whose adsorption capacities are weak.Under alkaline conditions,the Zeta decline of dolomite,collophanite turned more obvious,showing strong adsorption capacity,while quartz changes little indicating bit adsorption capacity.And then compared by the infrared analysis and with EDS energy spectrum data,it can be found that under acidic condition,dolomite adsorbs more reagents when dolomite and collophanite adsorbed more reagents under alkaline condition while the quartz absorbed less regardless of whatever conditions,conforming result of previous trials,as well as demonstrating the Zeta and contact angle tests.