Optimization And Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation Of The Integrated Technology Model For Prevention And Control Of Facilities Celery Pollution

With gradually increasing control of sewage and industrial wastewater pollution,agricultural non-point source pollution became the largest source of water pollution.The Party's Nineteenth Congress pointed out that we must fight against pollution firmly in this tough pollution battle,focus on solving the outstanding problems of the environment,and strengthen the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution.In 2007,nitrogen and phosphorus emissions of crop farming accounted for 59.73%and 27.83%of the agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus emissions respectively from the main river basins;planting pollution becomes a key area of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.Chaohu basin,as one of the most prominent areas of agricultural non-point source pollution in China,has a large area of vegetable planting area.In 2016,the planting area of vegetables is about 2×10~2 km~2,and vegetables need a lot of water and fertilizers in the process of growth,which need fertilizers 40%-60%higher than grain crops,thus the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus is very high.At present,in the field of pollution prevention and control,the academic circles have done a great deal of research on the optimization of single technology for the prevention and control of planting pollution.In the later period,the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus loss and greenhouse gas emissions are compared with different technology differences,and comprehensive research on the optimization of planting pollution control technology and its environmental,economic and product quality benefits are rarely reported.In this paper,the various technologies of crop growth include crop cultivation,irrigation,fertilization,pesticide application,film mulching,and pine soil agent,all relative technologies are summarized in this paper.The three factors of crop yield increase,technical research total and technology expected heat is considered,and the technology of a single link is sorted,and the suitable technology is screened out with the actual conditions of the experiment.The research results of this article include the following:1)In view of the large area,land use and terrain diversity of Chaohu Basin,we analyze the similarity between Chaohu Basin and LuJiang County based on geographic information system(GIS)and SPSS from five main influencing factors including land use change,landform,cropping structure,climate,industrial structure.The results show that there is similarity between Chaohu Basin and Lujiang County,which provides a theoretical basis for the experiment in Lujiang County.Because of the similarity between the two areas in the formation of non-point source pollution,the optimization model of celery rectification technology in Lujiang County can be used in Chaohu basin to some extent.2)In the process of crop growth,the best techniques for crop cultivation,irrigation,fertilization,spraying,mulching,fallow,and pine soil are considered by three factors in the crop growth rate,the total amount of technical research and the expected heat of technology.The best techniques are no-tillage cultivation,drip irrigation,soil testing and fertilizer recommendation,biological control,corn,plastic mulch and the artificial loosen soil rooting agent.Because the amount of fertilizer applied in Lujiang county and the use of the mulch film are increasing with time,the planting area of vegetables is increasing,the suitable technology in Lujiang county is to apply fertilizer,liquid film and artificial loosen soil rooting agent.3)The comprehensive benefit evaluation index system of integrated technology is constructed.The index system is divided into two grade indexes,the first grade index includes product quality,economic benefit and environmental benefit index respectively,among which the weight of product quality index is the biggest,and the weight of economic benefit index is the smallest.The two grade indexes of product quality are product qualification rate,product nutrition value and commodity quality,among which the weight of product qualification index is the biggest and the quality of commodity index is the smallest.The two level indicators of economic benefits are the amount of investment,the degree of technical difficulty and the output index,among which the output and the amount of investment are equally important,and the degree of the technical difficulty is relatively low.The two indexes of environmental benefits are nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency,microbial biomass carbon,microbial entropy and Shannon index.Among them,the weight of facilities products passing rate index is the biggest,and the microbial entropy index is the smallest.4)8 models were studied in the experiment.They are reducing fertilization model,reducing fertilization+artificial loosen soil rooting agent model,reducing fertilization+biological basement membrane model,reducing fertilization+biological basement membrane+artificial loosen soil rooting agent model,organic-inorganic mixing model,organic-inorganic mixing+artificial loosen soil rooting agent model,organic-inorganic mixing application+biological basement membrane model,organic-inorganic mixing+artificial loosen soil rooting agent+biological basement membrane model.The experimental results show that the suitable application amounts of the artificial loosen soil rooting agent for celery planting is 14.44-16.00 kg/hm~2.The application of the artificial loosen soil rooting agent model can improve the nitrogen use efficiency of celery by 7.87%-10.07%,the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer increases5.83%-13.59%,the efficiency of potassium fertilizer increases by 11.75%-13.59%,and the biological base film is improved.The application model could improve the nitrogen use efficiency of celery by 6.07%-9.99%,increase the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer by 5.40%-12.78%,improve the utilization efficiency of potassium fertilizer by11.48%-11.68%,and improve the efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium utilization efficiency of by 12.11%-14.91%,7.43%-16.66%and 12.29%-16.70%,respectively.5)The results of 8 comprehensive benefits showed that the optimal treatment of economic benefits is the reducation fertilizers application and applications of artificial loosen soil rooting agent treatment.The optimal treatment of product quality is the reducation fertilizers application model.The optimal treatment of environmental benefits is rganic-inorganic mixture with loosen soil rooting agent and biological basement membrane model.The best treatment of comprehensive benefit is organic-inorganic mixture with loosen soil rooting agent and biological basement membrane model.