Numerical Simulation Of Wave Overtopping At Sloping Breakwater With Non-Hydrostatic Equations

In the coastal protection works, the sloping breakwater is one of the most common structures. The wave overtopping is the main phenomenon of the interaction between waves and sloping breakwaters. Usually, it may destroy the breakwaters and the buildings behind breakwaters. In addition, it may take an influence on wave conditions in a harbor. The wave overtopping is affected by many factors.It is important to accurately predict the wave-overtopping discharge of coastal structures. The wave overtopping at sloping breakwater is investigated through numerical simulation in this paper, and the main contents and results are as follows.(1) The wave overtopping at sloping breakwaters was simulated by the numerical wave model of SWASH based on non-hydrostatic equations. The simulated results were compared with experimental data from the small-scale, large-scale flumes and a wave basin. It is shown that the overtopping processes of regular and irregular wave at the sloping breakwater can be simulated satisfactorily by the numerical wave model based on non-hydrostatic equations.(2) By changing the slope of sloping breakwater, the effect of slope factor on the overtopping discharges was discussed. The overtopping processes of sloping breakwater due to regular and irregular waves were analyzed, it is shown that the average amount of wave overtopping increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of slope factor. In the case of irregular waves, when the wave on the slope is non-breaking, and the slope factor is larger than 2, the average amount of wave overtopping is almost not influenced by the slope factor. The results of irregular wave condition are in good agreement with the revisionary EurOtop formula.(3) The relationship between bottom friction coefficient and rough penetration coefficient is analyzed to identify the friction coefficient corresponding to the various armor blocks. The overtopping of the sloping breakwater laying armor blocks at the slope face is simulated. The simulate results are in good agreement with the overtopping specification formulas and physical model test results.(4) The overtopping over the sloping breakwater with broken-line arrangement on the plane was simulated for the engineering application. The distribution of average amount of overtopping along the breakwater is reasonable. It can be concluded that the numerical model can simulate wave deformation and wave overtopping over sloping breakwater in large scale.