Research On Fire Safety Evacuation In The Subway Station Based On BIM

The subway has gradually become the main means of public transport development in more and more cities because of its economic and rapid and punctual and low-carbon advantages. However, with the rapid development of urban subway's operation scale, the safety evacuation of passengers in an emergency situation like fire has attracted more and more attention. The subway station's overall structure is located in the underground, its space is relatively small and closed, and it is always gathered by the passengers. These three factors have led to the increasing difficulty of the evacuation. So it is very important to study on the fire safety evacuation of passengers in the subway station.In the research of safety evacuation, the computer simulation method itself has some shortcomings, such as the simulation environment model is not accurateand so on. However, the safety evacuation simulation in the subway station based on BIM can not only provide accurate and comprehensive evacuation environment model to improve the accuracy of the evacuation results, but also support for 3D visualization display of the evacuation simulation process which makes people easier to understand and learn.This paper based on this background, with the research methods of literature research, field research, combination of theories and practice, discussed the fire safety evacuation in the subway station based on BIM, obtained the following conclusions:1 ? BIM models in stage of design and completion are both unable to meet the requirement of accurate model, so it is proposed to establish BIM models specifically for evacuation simulation in Subway Station, and than it describes the modeling process in detail from the perspective of information needs, access and expression.2?Based on the analysis of the advantages and feasibility of the BIM-based safety evacuation simulation, the implementation plan which will apply BIM technology to the fire safety evacuation research in the subway station is put forward. Firstly, analysedthe evacuation behavior of passengers in the subway station. Secondly, in order to study evacuation processes under fire emergency, an agent-based fire and pedestrian interaction model(FPI model) is proposed, which is named by an extended heterogeneous lattice gas(E-HLG) model. Thirdly, finded a solution to the problem that how BIM model and algorithm model can interact with each other. Lastly, realized the 3D visualization display of the evacuation simulation process in BIM model by Unity3 D.3?Selected a practical project for empirical study. It is proved that the introduction of BIM technology has an objective effect to improve the accuracy of the evacuation results. The new methrod also makes the evacuation simulation process well visualized and easier to accept. At last, some usefull suggestions are put forward to the subway operation departments.