| Based on landscape architecture, landscape ecology and other relevant disciplines, according to the theory of sustainable development point of view, combined with the status quo of domestic and foreign tourism agriculture development and the future trends, and using the principle of ecology, this paper studied the sightseeing agriculture area in Panxi Anning valley region of Sichuan. The analysis of the landscape pattern and the ecosystem service function of the sightseeing agriculture area of Mianning country, Xichang City, Dechang country and Miyi country were studied by the landscape pattern analysis methods and the evaluation of ecosystem service function value method. Based on the problems existing in the sightseeing agriculture area of the four counties, the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures of development were put forward. The research contents and results are as follows: 1.Development status of sightseeing agriculture area in the region of Panxi Anning valleyPanxi Anning valley superior climate condition has created the region rich in natural resources and biological resources. Most of the sightseeing agriculture area whose developments were unbalanced are located in the coast of the Anning River. Although the development of sightseeing agriculture area has promoted the tourism economy, its development still have backward production modes widely, which is still dominated by traditional agriculture with small-scale garden plot; which have dispersed garden species with low scale effect; which produce a single type of fruit and have low tourism function;which have less non-production nature landscape and less and scattered forest landscape,which also have fragile ecological system. 2 Landscape pattern analysis of sightseeing agricultural area in the region of Panxi Anning valley(1)The cultivated land was replaced by the garden plot during the development of sightseeing agriculture area in the area of Panxi Anning valley. At the same time, landscape became broken because of lack of unified plans about the development of the garden plot. The mean patch area (MPS) is lower than 0.75hm2 while forest land has low area proportion which is often lower than 10% in the four counties. At the landscape level, along with the development of the sightseeing agriculture, sightseeing agriculture garden area has a higher degree of development which be with a lower landscape dominance index (D), higher evenness index (E) and landscape diversity, and a lower overall landscape fragmentation index (FN). But the degree of fragmentation is related to the degree of development of the sightseeing agriculture area. In the three of the sightseeing agricultural areas, Lutang village in Dechang county, Xihe village in Mianning county, and Reshui village in Miyi county, their degrees of development have been from low to high. The landscape fragmentation index(FN) of them were 0.009,0.010 and 0.019, respectively, while the landscape dominance index (D) of them were 0.835,0.531 and 0.413 separately. The landscape evenness index(E) of them were 0.637,0.770 and 0.821, while the landscape diversity index (H) were 1.467,1.772 and 1.890 separately.(2)Scale plant species of sightseeing agriculture area are less in four counties in Panxi Anning valley and have only 1-3 species dominated by traditional fruit trees in the most of the area. And specific crops are less while garden produce fruit is single; most of the same fruit patches are dispersed, and whose scale effect is lower. With short ornamental period and lower landscape effect, the tourism function of sightseeing agricultural ochard landscape is poor. On overall show, biodiversity was at lower levels in this area.3.Evaluation of Panxi Anning valley ecosystem service valueAccording to the relevant research results, the unit area value the 2015 in Panxi Anning valley area about the ecosystem service value of the sightseeing agricultural area is from 90.6 thousand yuan/hm2 to 240.2 thousand yuan/hm2 ranging; the contribution rate of landscape waters on the total value is in 18% to 47.28%.the value of fruit economic output and tourism and cultural service contribution rate to the total value is in 34.67%-83.06%. Contribution rate of woodland on the total value is only in 3% to 6%.4. Development problems and countermeasures of the Panxi Anning valley sightseeing areaAfter the investigation and study about the present situation of sightseeing agricultural area in four counties in Panxi Anning valley, many problems are existed at present. The mode of sightseeing agricultural production is still relatively backward, the same fruit patches are dispersed with lower scale effect and irregular plaque edges, with less plant species, scale garden plants is small, while garden produce fruit is single; "Ochard landscape quality" needs to be improved; forest landscape with rarely protection has a lower area proportion; the development of folk culture and other tourist lags behind in the park. To solve above problems, the scientific plans should be put forward, while reasonable landscape spatial structure need to be built.; adding species of the fruit trees, characteristic agricultural products need to be developed; "Ochard landscape" should be improved with more optimized tourism resources; to improve the ecological, the construction of forest land needs to be strengthened; folk culture should be developed, as the same as characteristic economy; The development model of "company+base+farmer" should be introduced.In summary we can see, according to the landscape architecture development direction and using the principles of ecology, the status quo (that is, the assessment of the landscape pattern analysis and the ecosystem service function value, and the corresponding countermeasures of development trend in the future) of sightseeing agriculture in Panxi Anning valley was analyzed and researched. The results can provide guidance and reference for the regional agricultural development in the future. |
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