Analysis On The Urban Public Facility Location Decision Based On AHP&GIS

In recent years,the news about the questions caused by the construction of public facilities is common.Most of them are due to the unreasonable location of public facilities.Firstly,because the traditional decision-making takes "experience decision" as its main method,decision makers' ability to deal with information resources is limited and their decision are easily lead to errors and mistakes.secondly,data in traditional decision making is independent of each other and hard to connect with space coordinates,so it increases the difficulty of decision analysis and decreases the accuracy of decision.Apparently the traditional decision-making can not fully meet the needs of the residents,and the domestic research on the urban public service facilities are mostly based on qualitative analysis,which focused on the construction of values,policies,systems,management and so on.In this context,this paper summarized the problems existing in the traditional decision in the urban public facilities location and the causes of it,discussed the advantages and feasibility of AHP and GIS technology in the decision making of urban public facilities location.The author takes sports plaza of old industrial area in Liao yang as example,proposed to study the importance of many factors by using the AHP analytic hierarchy process to explain the importance of these factors which were ignored in traditional decision-making.Through the case analysis and the analysis of Residents' Satisfaction,we discuss the Optimization of urban public facility location decision making based on the model of AHP&GIS.Finally,it puts forward suggestions for the construction of the decision-making system and decision-making process,looking forward to providing some reference for the construction of urban public facilities.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)First of all,it sumrnarizes the following problems in the traditional urban public location decision making based on the current situation investigation and research of the existing urban public facility location decision making:The main decision-making method is empirical decision;Decision-making process was held in camera which can't distinguish the factor.This paper also summarized the causes of the urban public facilities location and the necessity of the application of AHP&GIS method from a technical point of view.With the increase of information,the traditional analysis method is inadequate,and the suitable analysis method to improve the efficiency of information processing is needed;Traditional information storage is not conducive to the information disclosure,and an effective way to facilitate the exchange of information disclosure is needed;The traditional decision-making method is not enough to solve the new problem of urban public service facilities location,and more scientific hierarchical approach are needed;Because of the lack of scientific methods to ensure scientific decision-making,civil servants have to obey the rules to exempted from liability.Comparing to the long period of system reform,the application of spatial analysis method is more efficient.(2)The advanced technical method can raise the urban public facility location decision.The traditional decision-making can't determine the weight of the factors affect,but AHP can make up for the defect.GIS technology can solve the problem of information lag,low efficiency,difficult to exchange in the traditional decision-making.At the same time,AHP&GIS technology can effectively solve the problem of quantitative analysis in site selection.In this paper,the AHP&GIS technology is used to obtain the distribution map of the suitable plots of the new sport plaza in Liaoyang.It is proved that AHP&GIS technology can be used in the decision making of urban public facility location.(3)By consulting experts construct analytic hierarchy process model,the main external factors that influence the activities of residents in sport plaza,from high to low in turn are:Effect of high voltage transmission line(0.3084)>nature of the land(0.2235)>Central point of residential area(0.1572)>bus stop(0.1086)>Influence of parking spaces(0.0744).the influence of high voltage line and the nature of the land use is great,which shows that safety is the most important thing in the location decision of urban public facilities.In the mean time land price and noise impact are important factors to be considered.The weight of traffic conditions(central point of residential area,bus stop and parking place)is 0.3402,even above the impact of high voltage transmission lines.On the one hand,it shows that the traffic factor is the first factor that should be considered in the location decision.On the other hand,it indicates the importance of citizen participation.(4)The order of overall satisfaction from investigation is consistent with that from the calculation:Liaoyang Stadium>Xinhua Yuan sports plaza>Taizi River sport park>Dongmen Road sport park.The result is consistent with the observation in reality,providing that the weight through the expert evaluation is scientific and the structure model is reasonable.(5)Combined with the survey results and the characteristics of AHP&GIS technology,this paper puts forward suggestions for the decision-making system and decision-making process,and provides reference for the future urban public facility location decision.The decision-making process of urban public location involves the interests of all aspects that can't be solved completely by technical means.The application of AHP&GIS method can provide a platform for decision makers.It has certain practical significance in promoting the scientific decision-making and the site selection of new facilities.