Study On The Coupling Development And Optimization Of Beijing Urban Rail Transit Network And Urban Spatial Structure

In order to ease traffic congestion and facilitate public travel,Beijing government vigorously builds urban rail transit.Using the traffic location theory,this paper analyzes the status of coupling development between Beijing urban rail transit and urban spatial structure.Then summaries the specific problems as follows:(1)the coupling degree among regional rail transit network density of different levels,site density and population density is low.Square mesh rail transport structure in downtown does not match the unbalanced live and work conditions,so the efficiency of the transport network is lower than that of radiation-cyclic structure.(2)the scope of the line 10 is too large and the situation of some sites is unreasonable,which results in less passengers and low transport efficiency.The coupling degree between stations of line 7 and 14 and urban public activity centers is low.Radiation transits exhibit unidirectional and tidal characteristics leading to low efficiency and the transfer with the downtown rail transit is unreasonable.(3)some stations locate nearby the green belt of city with less passenger flow.The number of transfer stations in central area of Beijing is small which gives an insufficient support for urban public activity centers.The research shows that too much emphasis on land development using TOD model leads to low coupling degree between rail transit network structure and urban population distribution and low traffic efficiency.There are three methods to increase the traffic efficiency in the perspective of spatial layout.First,improve the coupling development of the urban rail transit network and the urban spatial structure including the overall layout of city,the main industrial areas and different functional areas Second,enhance the coupling development of urban rail transit lines and important road aisles and development axis.Third,raise the coupling development of urban rail transit stations and important spatial nodes.Therefore,learning from the transit construction experience of Tokyo,this paper proposes four optimization suggestions in the aim of improving the transport efficiency.(1)Increase the number of radiation lines in the central areas or the lines between urban center and suburbs to optimize the network.(2)Extend the Line 12 to increase a JiMei Station and make a new plan of a line in the southern area of HaiDian to optimize the line distribution.(3)Optimize the distribution of Chedaogou Station due to the passenger flow.(4)Improve the Zhonguancun and Beiyuan transfer station in order to increase the coupling degree between transfer stations and urban activity centers.