Study Of The Influence Of Shopping Mall Atrium Space Elements On Physical Environment And Energy Consumption In Cold Region

In recent years,shopping centers make the largest contribution to energy consumption among all public building types,energy-saving optimization of shopping malls is urgently needed.Therefore,discussing the mechanism how spatial layout,scale and interface influence the physical environment and energy consumption is very important necessary.The thesis studies the physical environment and comfort of the shopping mall atrium by measurement and questionnaire survey.Then the author analyzes the impact of the space elements on physical environment and comfort based on the problems which are found out from the field research.The author also explores the impact of space elements on energy consumption by means of building energy consumption simulations.At last,this thesis indicates some possible design strategies on saving energy and improving physical comfort of the shopping mall atrium.The first chapter of this article summarizes in different aspects of atrium space of shopping center — spatial layout,scale and interface,which influence energy consumption and physical environment.The second chapter aims at the three elements to investigate the methods of space design,then make conclusions on the use of these methods and the affects which were made on customers’ subjective feelings.The conclusions provide data for the establishment of the standard models which are used in the energy consumption simulation in following chapters.The third and the fourth chapter respectively investigate the environmental comfort and simulate energy consumption.And then discuss the mechanism how spatial layout,scale and interface influence the physical environment and energy consumption.The main conclusions are: Firstly,horizontal position of the atrium affects thermal stability and energy consumption.South-west atriums have poor performance on thermal comfort and energy consumption.While south and north atriums performs better.Secondly,the atrium height have significant effects on building luminous and energy consumtion.It is showed that lower layers’ daylight factor decreases when the height width ratio increases.For atriums which have the same area,the shape coefficience decreases when the number of the floors increases,as a result,the energy consumption is cut down.Thirdly,both the transparent area of the envelope and the shading type affect the physical environment and energy consumtion.The results show that side-opened space with windows and skylight will easily occurs extremely high temperature on top layers,compared to those windows-only artriums.As a result,changing skylight area affects the energy consumtion a lot.It is suggested that decreasing skylight area,increasing window area apropriatly while using horizontal external shading will save more energy,without influencing space view and environment comfort.