Study On The Goal-oriented Design Method Of Indoor Thermal Environment With Low Energy Consumption In Residential Building

According to the "13th Five-Year" plan of energy development published by National Development and Reform Commission,the total energy consumption should be controlled within 50 tons of standard coal by 2020.China has a large population and huge number of buildings,reducing energy consumption has been the focus work.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of people's living standards,people are very concerned about the comfortable and healthy indoor environment.18 th CPC National Congress proposed "adhere to green development",which is not just about saving energy but also creating a more natural and healthy living environment.However,the increasing requirement of indoor environmental comfort often leads to the increase of building energy consumption and resource consumption.The design plan directly determines the buildings' energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort.Therefore,a good design plan should balance the relationship between healthy and comfortable indoor environment and energy and resource conservation.Chongqing belongs to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin.It is hot in summer and cold in winter,residents demand for cooling and heating.In recent years,the people of the Yangtze River Basin require indoor heating in winter and improving the living environment of thermal comfort,which has been widely concerned by the people's Congress.Therefore,the cities represented by Chongqing should explore architectural design method which is more reasonable,energy saving and ensuring the comfort needs of residents with the consideration of the actual energy load.On the other hand,designers often face design parameters with many values in the design process.In order to obtain the ideal design plan,designers always have to evaluate different design parameters which creates a lot of time cost.How to get an ideal design plan on the basis of design goal in a short time is worthy of further study.This paper selects the residential buildings in Chongqing as the research object,takes low energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort as the design goal,and explores the goal-oriented residential building design method which ensures the building plan with low building energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort.This paper also want to propose the typical building design plan in Chongqing with energy consumption 20 kWh/(m2·a)and indoor thermal comfort.In this paper,the research contents mainly included:Firstly,through the literature and investigation,this paper analyzed the current status of energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort of residential buildings in Chongqing.Architectural culture in Chongqing was explored and summarized,and the typical residential building in Chongqing was selected.The building energy consumption and thermal comfort of the typical building was simulated.Through conducting questionnaires by the network platform in 2016,air conditioning behavior of residential buildings in Chongqing was investigated in order to ensure the consistency between the simulation and the actual air conditioning behavior of Chongqing residents.Based on typical residential buildings,external wall structure,roof structure,external window structure,window wall ratio,building orientation,and suitable ventilation frequency were selected to be simulated with a large number of cases.Then the relationships between the indexes of energy consumption and thermal comfort and design parameters were analyzed,and weather relying solely on the optimization of a single design parameters the annual energy consumption can reach 20 kWh/(m2·a)was judged.Based on the idea of multi-objective optimization and matlab which is the programming platform,a goal-oriented solution model of design plan was set up.NSGA-II algorithm was the search engine,Energyplus was the calculation tool of object function,and the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort index were used as object function value.The oriented solution model was used to seek the building plan with low building energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort according to the design goal.Two cases were used to test the feasibility of the model.Meanwhile,the solving law of the model was analyzed by the case one.The typical building design plan with energy consumption 20 kWh/(m2·a)and indoor thermal comfort was proposed in the case two.The goal-oriented solution model of design plan proposed in this paper has strong applicability and generalization.To optimize the user interface of the model,improve the functions of the model,and simplify the operation,the model can be further extended to the design process of the architectural designer in other areas and other types of building.Meanwhile the results can provide reference and basis for the design of residential buildings in Chongqing area,which has important practical significance.