Study On Adaptability Of Modern Residential Building In Arid Desert Climate

Turpan's distinct geographical environment of has created its distinct climatic environment,and the special climate is mainly manifested in the formation of extreme drought which forms a strong contrast between 10 millimeter annual average precipitation and more than three thousand millimeter annual average evaporation;and it has a coexistence of extreme heat and cold climatic conditions,which forms a strong contrast between 47.5 degrees in summer and-11.5 degrees in winter of Turpan in 2015;and it has a long sunshine duration,which makes the sunshine time up to 14 hours one day in summer;and the solar radiation is strong,which makes it that the total annual solar radiation is only second to the first type of light climate zone.How to optimize the design of the buildings combining local culture,environment and climate in Turpan is a subject worthy of study.The research object of this paper is the most existing commodity residential buildings in Turpan,which was built in the late 1990 s.Although Turpan has been in the high-tech era,the housing construction can't provide good living conditions for the public.According to the investigation of the residential area in the city,it is found that the modern residential building here are less consideration of climate adaptability,and there are several defects:(1)The thermal insulation of the wall is poor,and there is little thermal insulation;(2)On the one hand,the windows are too many,and mostly for long windows,on the other hand,the area ratio of window to wall is too big with poor air tightness,which brings a large thermal loss;(3)Most windows haven't considered the sun shading measures,and there is too much direct solar gains in summer which would bring indoor overheating.Starting from the status of these problems,this paper adopted literature review,field investigation,thermal environment test and simulation analysis combining with the local traditional residential characteristics,which made a comparative study on the climate adaptability between traditional and modern houses.Combined with Revit,Ecotect Analysis and CAD software,it carried on simulation analysis and wanted to find out the existing problems and the internal environment of the building itself,at the same time,it hopes to learn from the advantages of traditional adobe dwellings.Based on this case,this paper adopted the specific design strategies and optimization methods,which can provide quantitative design for energy saving design of modern architecture and improve the quality of life with reducing energy consumption.The results showed that:1.In Turpan City,the summer which has high temperature and humidity is suitable for the use of shading measures to block solar radiation to achieve indoor cooling,and natural ventilation is not suitable but the effect of night ventilation is good;2.When the heat transfer coefficient of building envelope values increase,the total energy consumption decreased significantly,the heating load of the lower contribution rate is greater than the cooling load,and when the heat transfer coefficient of building envelope to meet the requirements of 65% energy saving standards,it has no effect on reducing the cooling load by continuing to strengthen the structure thermal insulation;3.The reduction of area ratio of window to wall in the south decreased the total load of the building,and the cooling load is significantly reduced but the heating load increased slightly.While in the north the cooling and heating load were both reduced and the latter is slightly higher than the former.It is indicated that the reduction of area ratio of window to wall in the north is beneficial to the reduction of the heating load;4.Considering the appearance factors and energy saving effect,the shading effect is best when the structure dimension ratio of horizontal shading is 1.The horizontal shading is beneficial to the reduction of the air conditioning energy consumption and the total energy consumption of this residential,and it basically does not affect the heating energy consumption,however,the effect of energy saving is not better than that of the residential building envelope and area ratio of window to wall;5.After combinatorial optimization of orienttation,enclosure structure,area ratio of window to wall and sun shading component,the total construction load is reduced by 58%,which means the energy-saving design effect is remarkable.