Optimization Of Layout And Morpgology Of Residential Block In Severe Cold Area Based On Solar Energy Utilization Potential

From the perspective of utilization potential of solar energy,this paper focuses on optimizing the space form design of residential districts in typical cold region city-Harbin,which includes three parts,the investigation on the residential form of Harbin,experimental and numerical simulation research of radiation intensity on building surface.Through the analysis on the results of the investigation on the residential form of Harbin,three typical forms were defined as parallel determinant,three-side street style,and four-side enclosure type;through Testing the real solar radiation intensity of building surface,the distribution characteristics of the solar radiation intensity of the outer surface were obtained and discussed.EnergyPlus was used to establish physical model of real buildings and calculate the solar radiation intensity of the measuring point.By comparing the experimental data and simulation data,the accuracy of the simulation model was proved;then through the method of numerical simulation,the influence on the solar distribution on the building surface with the morphological parameter changes of different residential district forms was calculated and analyzed.And further influence on the passive and active use of solar energy was also discussed.First of all,111 new built residential areas in Harbin are investigated,of which the parallel determinant,the three-side street style and the four-side enclosure type account for 24.4%,14% and 7.9% respectively.Residential building height(layer number)is not the same,according to statistics,the layer number of 19-33 is most common,of which the frequency occurrence accounted for 18% of the total frequency.At the same time,some typical buildings are selected to test their surface solar radiation,and the distribution characteristics of solar radiation intensity in different orientations,heights and environments are obtained.Secondly,in order to ensure the comparability between the residential form follow the local residential space standard,model was established in the base of 425m*325m with the volume of 3.42 for the standard by the OpenStudio plug-in.Using EnergyPlus and IES(VE),the solar radiation intensity distribution of typical residential area was calculated,and the solar radiation distribution characteristics of three typical residential buildings were obtained.Based on that,the influence of the residential layout,orientation,building height and building form on the law of radiation intensity distribution was analyzed,as well as its influence on the distribution of total solar radiation received by the each surface.Finally,the standard for the port of Ponperonto was used to evaluate the solar energy utilization of residential area,and discuss the optimization of residential district configuration parameters when using solar energy in different ways.The research shows that,for parallel determinant layout,whether active or passive solar energy is affected by the morphological parameters most,of which the orientation of the residential area only affects passive utilization.In the street residential area,the orientation,form and layout of buildings have a great influence on passive utilization,and the height and form of buildings affect only active utilization.In the enclosed residential area,building height affects both active and passive solar energy utilization,but the effect on passive ones is greater,and the layout only has a great influence on passive utilization.