The Research And Design Of Regenerative Braking Controller For Electric Vehicle

The mechanical energy of the vehicle during the braking process is usually lost in the form of heat energy,and the exhaust gas generated during the braking process pollutes the atmosphere.Currently,there are more electric vehicles(EV)used popularly on the market,and they are mainly powered by motor-driven.The motor is in the power generation state during the process of braking,and the kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy,which is given back to the energy storage device.The application of EV can not only achieve zero emissions to protect the environment,but also keep in line with the sustainable development of society strategy.There is already lots of research on the regenerative braking of the EV,but there are several problems have not been solved.Several questions are as follows:1.The drive of the EV is usually driven by two wheels,but when the EV is braking the four-wheel need brake together.That is to say,if we want to achieve the energy of the regenerative braking efficiently,it is necessary to carry out the energy feedback of the the four wheels as much as possible.2.The braking process requires to be completed quickly,but the battery can not fully recover the regenerative energy during the braking of the EV.Thus,it requires additional electrical energy storage devices to assist the battery in storing power.Based on the above questions,the following solutions are presented in this paper:At present,most of the EV only use one generator as the drive just like the internal combustion engine.After the analyzing and comparing,this paper adopt the way of four-wheel to drive the vehicle by the wheel hub motor.In this paper,the brush-less DC motor is selected as the wheel hub motor.The overall cost of this scheme is lower than the single motor scheme,and the feedback efficiency is also much higher than the single motor scheme.This scheme provides hardware support for the regenerative braking,and solves the problem of feedback efficiency,reduces the overall cost of electric vehicles at the same time.In this paper we use a battery and a super capacitor together based on the storage device of the feedback energy,so it can realize the recovery of feedback energy efficiently and rapidly.In this paper,a four-wheel drive feedback brake system with hub motors is designed with a hybrid energy storage system(HESS).Finally,MATLAB / Simulink and ADVISOR simulation software are used for modeling and simulation.By comparing the stage of charge(SOC)of the battery and super capacitor in the hybrid energy storage system,and calculating,comparing the values of feedback braking efficiency in different cases,it is concluded that the proposed scheme can improve the efficiency of regenerative braking.