Research On The Preservation Of Rice-cultivating Culture Landscapes Of The Dong Minority In Liping,A Place-attachment-based County

Rice-cultivating cultural landscape is a kind of cultural landscape developed based on paddy planting activities,which involves materially,institutionally and spiritually cultural aspects.It includes not just landscape cultivation,but also cultural landscapes like folks and customs,national beliefs,way of living and social formalities,which are affected by paddy cultivation.Dong minority is a mountainous paddy cultivation minority without characters.It highlights cultural characteristics of a paddy cultivation ethnic group from production and life to ethnic culture.Dong people keep the dietary tradition of “eating rice and fish” and tillage tradition with “fire and water",which leads to the paddy cultivation system characterized by coexistence of “paddy,fish and duck”.They mainly plant glutinous rice.Besides,the special paddy cultivation system was formally included into the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems.However,because of social and economic development,the existing paddy cultivation production system and traditional concepts of the Liping Dong minority Region are hugely impacted by alien culture.Especially,residents have a weak consciousness of production and inheritance,which severely hinders the protection and development of Dong minority Rice-cultivating cultural landscape.Many excellent paddy cultivation cultural landscapes are facing great crisis.Therefore,researches on protecting Dong minority Rice-cultivating cultural landscape demonstrate important significance to protective researches.This research is divided into three aspects: field research to identify current situation and existing problems;in-depth analyses with “place attachment” theory;proposal of strategies for protection.First,this paper selects Tang'an Village,Zhuping Village and Huanggang Village in Liping County as the field survey points to conduct a detailed research on natural ecological environment,material culture,institutional culture,spiritual culture and source of livelihood.The research results reflects current problems facing Rice-cultivating cultural landscape of three villages on the one hand and summarizes the protection value of Dong minority Rice-cultivatingcultural landscape in three aspects,e.g.,landscape,ecology and economy.Second,this paper introduces the research framework and research model of residents' place attachment to propose two hypotheses,“differences of residents' background significantly impact place attachment,recognition and attitude to protection”,“residents' place attachment has a positive impact on systematic cognition of glutinous rice and attitude to protection”.The paper takes local permanent Dong people as the research object and carries out a questionnaire.Then,the collected effective data is introduced into SPSS to conduct descriptive analysis,reliability and validity analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis.Results show: in this place,people present a relatively higher place attachment;besides,the longer they live here,the higher the economic income is and residents have a stronger place attachment;the higher place attachment residents have,the stronger protection attitude they have on paddy cultivation cultural landscape.Finally,based on the analytical results of place attachment,the researcher puts forward three major protection principles,i.e.,sustainable “living” protection,synchronization of protection and development and win-win results of economy and ecology.With combination of current situation,it proposes to establish an ecological compensation mechanism to rejuvenate “soft field” glutinous rice industry;adopt integral memory-based protection of material cultural landscape;apply new media publicity,national culture class,class for community farmers,development of professional inheritors and other methods to non-material cultural landscape to improve residents' local identity;and actively development rural tourism and developing soft field wetland ecological agriculture demonstration base.Thereby,it can expand channels and increase economic income of residents when they come back to villages and start their own businesses,and improve residents' local dependency.Residents will be guided in all-round way and multiple channels to protect,inherit and make innovations to paddy cultivation cultural landscape,ultimately realizing the sustainable “living” protection of Rice-cultivating cultural landscape.It is expected that this research can function as a reference to protection of Dong minority Rice-cultivating cultural landscape,which can enrich and supplement protective measures and theories of “living heritages” in China.