| Smart grid,as the next generation of development model in the power grid,combines with the traditional power grid and information & control technology,can response effectively with two-way of the power flow and information flow.Smart meter,an important part of the smart grid,is the two-way communication equipment deployed in the customers’ homes.Through the smart meter,the control center can collect real-time information about the customers’ power status,and make decisions by data analysis to improve the efficiency of real-time operation in the power grid.However,the real-time collection of customers’ fine-grained data may cause the privacy information leak.Therefore,the study of how to deal with customers’ privacy and security issues,but also to ensure the reliability of data collection in the smart grid are essential to the security operations for the next generation of the power grid.In this paper,through making in-depth study about the researches of privacy protection and the requirements of development in the smart grid,the paper has completed the following works:Firstly,this paper studies the current situation of the privacy protection in the smart grid,analyzes the challenges of the smart grid information security,and puts forward the view that the customers’ privacy protection technology should be combined with the reliability of data collection.Secondly,we have introduced the cryptographic encryption technologies,including bilinear pairing,the signature technology,homomorphic encryption,etc,which lay the foundations on the following customers’ privacy protection scheme.Then,according to the problem about privacy and security of data consumption for customers and the improvement of data value in the smart grid,it is concluded that the electricity data can not be connected with the real identity of the customers in the transmission phase and the electricity data can be handled regularly.Therefore,a scheme of data aggregation and signature based on attribute is proposed.And the security and operation efficiency of the scheme would be analyzed.In addition,a data authentication and tracking scheme based on associative group signature is proposed to solve the problem of data security and describe which data would be abnormal data in the smart grid.In the scheme,it adds an associated function for group signature,so that if a largenumber of abnormal data appear in the scheme,we can effectively reduce the number of signature queries and communication costs.Then we analyzed the security and operation efficiency of the scheme.Finally,the research results show that the application of privacy and security technology in the process of data collection in the smart grid ensures the privacy of customers,improves the value and reliability of data collection,reduces the communication costs and ensures the demand of practical application. |
