Simulation Research On Complex Pedestrian Movement Based On Improved Social Force Model

Crowd accident like stampede takes place frequently at domestic and overseas,impending research attention on crowd movements.Crowd evacuation experiments are conducted to obtain individual attributes and crowd movement data.Based on the acquired data,social force model is improved in terms of simulating crowds'microscopic movement features in a panic situation.Additionally,several typical crowd movement behaviors under different environments are explored.First of all,the analysis of traditional social force model is completed.It is summarized by analyzing model structures and existing researches that there are deficiencies in the description of traditional model in pedestrian personal attributes,physical interaction force among pedestrian and model calibration and validation.Secondly the improvement of social force model is completed.Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional model,a panic parameter is introduced to complete adjustment of model structure.Combined the existing research with required data,a series of local crowd evacuation experiment is conducted,and the pedestrian categories index is calibrated.By comparing the simulated and empirical headway distribution,along with error statistical magnitude,the strength and coefficient of psychological repulsive force and physics repulsive force are confirmed.Then the accuracy of pedestrian movement simulation by improved model is validated.The last section is mainly about simulation of complex pedestrian movement.Based on the improved model the pedestrian simulation software Viswalk is applied to simulate complex pedestrian movement and explore pedestrian movement features in the normal and panic situation.In the process of pedestrian turning movement,the effect of steering angle on movement velocity is quantitated;In the process of pedestrian merging,exploring the influence of different merging angle on movement velocity is quantitated;during the movement of bottleneck evacuation,the influence of exit design on the efficiency of evacuation is explored.Contributions of this thesis include enhancing the comprehension and application of social force model in a further step,providing definite empirical methods and model supposition for following research on pedestrian movement,and offering reliable simulation tool for pedestrian organization of large-scale activities and high-density architectural design.