Study On The Spread Characteristics Of High-speed Train Passenger Compartment Fire

In recent years,China has made remarkable achievements in high-speed railway construction,and the development of high-speed railway equipment has also made great progress.The China's independently developed intellectual property rights "Fuxing" high-speed train has been put into operation.At the same time of rapid development of high speed railway,the fire safety problem of high speed train is also getting more and more attention.The research of high speed train fire started late in China and there is a big gap compared with the developed countries.There are still some key problems need to be solved in the field of fire protection design for high-speed trains.The paper studies the high speed train compartment fire characteristics,based on the "13th Five-Year" national key development program.Firstly,this paper combines the basic theory of the limited space fire with the characteristic of high-speed train carriage with long and narrow space(length and width ratio of 7:1)to analyze the high-speed train fire spread mechanism,and summarizes the influence factors of high speed train compartment fire based on the analysis of domestic and international train fire research results.This paper studies the numerical calculation methods for high speed train compartment fire and builds the numerical model of high speed train compartment fire,and the method was compared with foreign related experiments to verify the reliability of the numerical calculation method.Then,the flame spread process and ways in high speed train compartment fire is studied based on the built high speed train compartment fire numerical model,and,the paper gets the internal temperature distribution room and finds that the maximal temperature is similar with foreign full-scale train fire experimental results,the research results can provide reference for the fire insulation design of carriage body.The flashover phenomenon of the high speed train compartment fire is also analyzed,the study finds that train compartment flashover not only has regional characteristics,and the flashover strength in different compartment regions are also different.According to the numerical results,the paper analyses the combustion status inside and outside the passenger compartment,and finds the coefficient of heat release rate peak estimation model based on ventilation factor for high speed train compartment fire is 1.17,and then compared it with foreign research results.Finally,the paper studies the influence of the fire behavior of materials of the key parts(roof,side wall,rack and window)on the high speed train compartment fire process,and the reasons of the influence are also analyzed.The research results show that the fire proof performance of the roof,side wall and luggage rack materials and the installation mode of luggage rack have a significant effect on the spread of compartment fire,window glass fire proof performance can effectively reduce the peak heat release rate of fire.The results of this paper can provide reference and guidance for the fire protection design of high speed train.