Study On The Plane Form Of Traditional Dwellings In Xiangxi Area From The Perspective Of Immigration

Since ancient times,Xiangxi area has been a concentrated place for minority nationalities such as Miao,Tujia,Dong,Yao and other minorities.Since the Qianzhong county was set up in the state of Chu during the Warring States period,The Hans kept entering the Xiangxi area.Governments of all dynasties implement different control in Xiangxi area,a large number of recuperat immigrants entering the Xiangxi district,especially after the Qing government bureaucratization of native officers,breaking the "Pretty is not to leave the country,Han does not enter the cave" ban,a large number of business immigrants and Arts and crafts influx of Xiangxi,caused a great impact on the culture of Xiangxi area.The two cultures blend and interact in the longterm contact,and finally merge into a unique architectural culture system with Xiangxi characteristics.The paper simple combing Xiangxi area the situation of immigrants in each period,the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the number of immigrants,immigration,immigration type and migration routes.By querying a large number around the county,the ancient literature and archaeological excavation report data,make a brief overview about residential morphology of Xiangxi area among the period before the reform call “Change the chieftain system into a floating official”.Although the living form has changed a lot,but in the plane form of little change in the chieftain,residence have no obvious functional zoning,the basic performance form for the plane around the fire(fire bed)single space center.In combination with a large number of examples,this paper summarizes the characteristics of the traditional forms of traditional dwellings in Xiangxi area from the perspective of typology.It is considered that the traditional residence in Xiangxi has been mature for a long time,and a complete architecture has been formed.The architectural form evolved into apartment with one room that can be reached by sunlight and two rooms that can't(Triple room)? central—wing room and courtyard type three types and many variant forms.By using comparative method,this paper expounds in detail the course and approximate time period of the change of the plane form of Xiangxi traditional residence before and after the emigration,and probes into the cultural motive of the change.It is considered that the changes of traditional architecture in Xiangxi mainly depend on two ways: direct substitution and gradual evolution.Direct substitution is a new form of architecture.As the Han migrated into Xiangxi,it replaced the original architectural form with sudden change.The form of courtyard residence is to move into Xiangxi area as the Han people move and become a new type of architecture.The gradual evolution of indigenous architecture culture in Xiangxi is under the influence of many factors such as immigration,and has gradually evolved into a new form of architecture with two types of architectural culture,which has a gradual change.There are a large number of single family houses existing in the Xiangxi area,which are mostly blended with two architectural features.Xiangxi traditional dwellings flat form change mainly in the Qing Dynasty in the wake of the uprising,the Qing government implemented the policy of assimilation,a large number of Settings free school.The cultural motive force of change is mainly discusses three systems,economy,technology and education.It is considered that the system,economy and technology are very important to the change of the plane form of dwelling houses,But what really matters is culture and education? In the middle and late Qing Dynasty,a large number of free schools were set up,which enabled the Xiangxi natives to accept the cultural values of the Han Dynasty,thus fundamentally determining the direction of the vicissitude of the vernacular dwellings.