Effects Of Different Intercropping Treatment On Fruit Quality Of Apple Tree

Intercropping can improve the microclimate of the orchard and improve fruit quality,meanwhile the effect of apple tree with different crops in the same area haven't been studied.We studied planted fruit seedling and herbal medicine under the stand of apple trees in the north of Anhui,China.In this paper,the fruit quality,diurnal variation of photosynthesis,physiological index,ecological factor were studied among different crops,we get the following results:(1)Compared with pure apple garden,intercropping is benefit to the forest microclimate.MPr relative humidity is 37.90%,significantly higher than apple of the pure forest as 35.02%,and the minimum amplitude,the difference is only 13.40%,can significantly improve the humidity of the air of the whole system,as compared with other crops,peach is 129.67±8.83 cm,windproof effect significantly,reduce the turbulence exchange effect,reduce the temperature,between the tree and crop transpiration of water vapor in the forest,increase the air humidity.Intercropping and the processing temperature,amplitude is less than the apple pure forest,the high temperature period in the summer,can effectively prevent the high temperature adverse impacts on the apple.Intercropping with apple ecosystem was greater than the daily change of CO2 concentration in the apple pure forest,and 5 kinds of crops have significant influence on the measured CO2 concentration.(2)Intercropping increased the apple leaf net photosynthetic rate(Pn),reduced transpiration rate.At 14:00,The Pn value in six processing order is: MG> MC> MA> MPr> M0> MP,because under the apple tree took intercropping,make the whole system of temperature is reduced,the humidity increases,blade "noon break" phenomenon weaken and disappear,improved the net photosynthetic rate of apple trees.Transpiration rate reached the maximum at 13:00,MG,MA,MC for reducing the apple leaf transpiration rate has a significant role,the three kinds of intercropping system due to the competition of root water,soil water content decreased,transpiration rate.(3)Intercropping did not affect the relative content of apple leaf chlorophyll.Compared with the apple pure forest,under an apple tree intercropping,leaf soluble sugar content was increased after only increase rate is different.MG?MA horseradish apple leaf soluble sugar content increased significantly,18.47%,18.39% and 18.37% respectively.(4)Compared with pure apple garden,the average DBH in MA,MPr,MP,MG is significantly higher;The east-west crown width of MG is 2.78 m,significantly higher than M0.Intercropping crops improves the microclimate environment of the orchard,soil physical and chemical properties,creates a good condition for fruit tree growth and development,such as water,gas,fertilizer,heat,improve the efficiency of the fruit tree photosynthesis,makes the tree of adequate water,growth was improved.(5)The content of total acid in MC,MA,MG are all lower than M0,meanwhile the difference is significant;The sugar acid decrease in an order of MA,MG,MC,MP,M0,MPr;The content of Vitamin C in MP,MPr,MG showed highly significant than pure apple garden.This is because the Vitamin C is related to air humidity,with the air humidity increases,the content of Vitamin C increases.Intercropping increased the appearance quality of apple.And the difference showed highly significant;the fruit firmness improved significantly with intercropping crops.This is because of the high temperature,water-logging and water deficiency during fruit maturation period.Intercropping makes apple fruit abscission rate and rotten fruit rate dropped significantly;Intercropping increased the fruit weight and yield of fruit.The order of Per fruit weight in the six kinds of intercropping is: MA> MG> MC> MP> M0> MPr,in addition to the intercropping peach seedling,the other four intercropping treatments improve apple's Per fruit weight.The apple orchard area yield advantage in MG,MA,MC,MP is more obvious,reaching 1261.12 Kg,1144.87 Kg,1051.31 Kg,1040.69 Kg respectively,while the area yield in M0 is only 903.89 Kg.It is because that intercropping increased the diffuse throughout the orchard and RH,reducing the Ta,increasing the Pn and improves the fruit set percentage and fruit weight.