Phosphorus Cycle In Peony Vivo And Vitro, Rhizosphere Microorganisms Constitute Response To Exogenous Phosphorus Removal

In this study, peony cultivars ’Fengdan’ as test material, adopt the method of field experiment, through different P levels(0, 50 kg·hm-2, 100 kg·hm-2, 150 kg·hm-2), to explore different growth period(exhibition leaf stage, budding stage, full bloom and fruit stage), Effects of exogenous phosphorus on the phosphorus cycling between plants and the soil P cycle, photosynthetic characteristics, fruit character and rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and soil microbial population structure.The main research results are as follows:1. Effects of different phosphorus treatments on the peony leaf phosphorus content and chemical properties such as rhizosphere soil phosphorus content.P application effectively improved the peony leaf phosphorus content and phosphorus content in soil, with the increase of dosage of phosphorus, the phosphorus content in plants and soil showed a gradual increasing trend. The ratio of phosphorus content of peony leaves varied with different growth stages and different application amount. among them, the highest application rate of phosphoric fertilizer P3 treatment group(P2O5)(150 kg·hm-2) increased by 12.0%~14.7% compared with the control. It showed that phosphorus application was beneficial to the absorption and accumulation of phosphorus in leaves. At the same time, phosphorus application improved the chemical properties of rhizosphere soil of peony, the content of soil available phosphorus and organic matter in soil in the flowering period. Different phosphate(P2O5)(50, 100, 150 kg·hm-2) peony rhizosphere soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available nitrogen content increased significantly than control. The soil available phosphorus content increased by 8.80%, 16.10% and 18.63% respectively compared with the control. This showed that phosphate fertilizer improved the peony rhizosphere nutrition, and increased the content of soil nutrient.2. Effects of different phosphorus treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics and fruiting characters of peony.The photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves of peony were inceased in the treatments of P1, P2 and P3 than the controls by 15.33%, 45.44% and 30.65% espectively. Effects of phosphorus treatment on Photosynthetic Characteristics of peony plants at different growth stages showed that the photosynthetic traits(net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance) of phosphorus content 100 kg·hm-2(P2O5) were higher. Especially in the flowering stage, P2 net photosynthetic rate reached the highest value, which is 8.1 umol m-2·s-1, while excessive phosphate have inhibitory effect on photosynthesis.Visible, phosphorus improved the peony leaf photosynthetic performance, too low or too high dosage of phosphorus are not conducive to the peony leaf photosynthesis; Phosphorus treatment plant peony seeds per plant and the number of higher amounts, a significant increase in yield per plant peony, the peony yield is higher, Which the strong ability of P2 is the strongest, the highest yield, 102.10 g/each, increased by 10.97% than the control group, the number of individual plants was increased by 12.21%, The number of seeds per fruit increased 10.24%, However, the effect of P application on seed weight and seed size was smaller.3. Effects of different phosphorus treatments on soil enzyme activities and microbial population composition in the rhizosphere of tree peony.In the whole growth period, Peony rhizosphere soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, invertase, catalase activity of phosphate treatment were higher than control, and phosphate fertilizer can significantly increase the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil. Effect due to different growth periods and different application amount. The effect of each treatment in the flowering period was the most obvious. the effects of various processing in full bloom is most obvious, P2 were better than the effect of P1 and P3, Peony root rhizosphere soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase activity respectively of P2 increased 37.10%, 48.82%, 36.32% than the control, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes increased by 45.82%, 37.80% and 42.54% respectively.