Study On Stereoscopic Cultivation Mode Of Oil Peony And Economic Forest

The rapid development of modern society results in land resource shortage.The exploration of stereoscopic cultivation mode of agriculture and forestry is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of resources and realize sustainable development.Taking the Paeonia ostii planted in Zhengzhou as the research object,this paper set the cultivation modes of peony monoculture and intercropping Juglans regia?Chaenomeles sinensis?Ligustrum lucidum?Toona sinensis.The differences of environmental factors,photosynthetic characteristics,soil properties and peony productivity were analyzed to explore the scientific stereoscopic cultivation model of oil peony,and provide theoretical basis for establishing the perfect oil peony cultivation technology.The main results were as follows:(1)The environmental factors results showed that the air temperature was reduced in the intercropping mode than that in monoculture.With the decrease of spacing of Juglans regia and Toona sinensis,the cooling effect was more obvious.Intercropping could improve the air relative humidity.In addition,with the branches spreading in upper layer,the light intensity in the intercropping mode was lower than that in monoculture;Different planting spacing also caused differences in light intensity.When Toona sinensis was 2 m×4 m plant-row spacing or less,and Juglans regia was less than 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing,the understory light intensity was less than 69% of the full illumination.Intercropping Chaenomeles sinensis is even less than 56%.(2)The photosynthetic characteristics results showed that with the decrease of spacing of Juglans regia and Toona sinensis,the total content of chlorophyll of peony leaves increased.But the planting spacing was too small,which reduced the net photosynthetic rate of peony.Among them,when Toona sinensis was 3 m×3 m and 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing,net photosynthetic rate was generally higher than that in monoculture.However,2 m×3 m and 2 m×4 m plant-row spacing were opposite;When Juglans regia was 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing,net photosynthetic rate was lower than that in monoculture,and other treatments were generally higher than monoculture.In different intercropping tree cultivation modes,net photosynthetic rate in the pattern of intercropping Toona sinensis and Ligustrum lucidum was generally higher than that in monoculture.The other two intercropping patterns were generally lower than monoculture.In light response parameters,compare to monoculture,the maximum light saturation point and the minimum light compensation point in the pattern of intercropping Ligustrum lucidum,which indicatied that the shade tolerance of peony was the strongest.And the dense spacing of Juglans regia and Toona sinensis,which also made such adaptive characteristics in peony.(3)The soil enzyme activity results showed that soil pH value was not significantly difference between monoculture and intercropping mode.But the soil water content was increased.It could be seen that the intercropping had certain effect of water retention.Except for intercropping with Chaenomeles sinensis,most of the intercropping patterns demonstrated a higher soil enzyme activity,especially towards urease,invertase and cellulase.However,the spacing of Juglans regia and Toona sinensis was too small,which will affect the cellulase and urease activities respectively.(4)In terms of oil peony productivity,compare to monoculture,the aboveground biomass of single plant of peony was decreased by 15.34% and 25.49% in the pattern of intercropping Ligustrum lucidum and Juglans regia respectively.The grain yield was decreased by 16.45% and 25.49%.The aboveground biomass of single plant of peony was increased by 11.65% and 13.39% in the pattern of intercropping Chaenomeles sinensis and Toona sinensis respectively.The grain yield was increased by 42.85% and 58.37%.In intercropping with Toona sinensis of different spacing,the aboveground biomass of single plant was decreased under 2 m×4 m and 2 m×3 m plant-row spacing,and yield was decreased by 8.74% and 7.86% respectively.However,the yield of 3 m×3 m and 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing was increased by 50.29% and 47.41%.In intercropping with Juglans regia of different spacing,the aboveground biomass of single plant of 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing was reduced by 27.66%,and the yield was also significantly lower than that in monoculture.But the other intercropping treatments were improved,and the treatment with 5 m×5 m plant-row spacing was the highest.(5)Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was carried on the stereoscopic cultivation model of peony yield,net photosynthetic rate,soil enzyme activity and environmental factors.The results showed that the main factors affecting peony yield in the stereoscopic cultivation model were different.Among them,net photosynthetic rate,urease,cellulase activity and air temperature were the main factors affecting peony yield.For the yield of peony,peony-Juglans regia,peony-Toona sinensis and peonyChaenomeles sinensis pattern should be considered suitable in Zhengzhou.However,the spacing should also be reasonably arranged.When the spacing of Juglans regia was 5 m×5 m plant-row spacing,and Toona sinensis was 3 m×3 m plant-row spacing,the grain yield was the highest.When the spacing of Juglans regia was less than 4 m×4 m plant-row spacing,and Toona sinensis was less than 2 m×4 m plant-row spacing,it will affect the yield of peony.