| To investigate the effect of reciprocal cross to the offspring of Duroc and Luchuan pig, the production performance of the reciprocal crosses offspring were determined in this study. This investigation provides a meaningful reference for the breeding of Duroc and Luchuan crosses pig.(1) By statistical analyzing the reproductive performance of purebred breeds Duroc, Luchuan and reciprocal crosses of Duroc and Luchuan pigs (total 55 clutches),we found that purebred breeds Luchuan pig has the highest litter size (11.27),followed by DL (11.00) and LD (10.80) with no significant difference between each other. The number born alive of purebred breeds Duroc (7.00) was significantly lower than the other three groups (P<0.05). The 28-day weaned number of DL was the highest, followed by purebred Luchuan and LD. They were 2.43,2.23 and 2.17 higher than that of Duroc pigs respectively, and all manifest significantly difference (P<0.05). There is no significant difference of abnormal piglets, primary litter weight and 28-day weaned weight between the parents and hybrids offspring.The above results showed that the hybrid offspring of Duroc and Luchuan pig retained the basic characteristics of high fecundity of Luchuan pig.(2) By analyzing the carcass traits, it was found that the body weight, body length and eye muscle area of crossing breed, whether DL or LD, were significantly better than that of Luchuan pig (P<0.05). The slaughter rate of DL and LD, reached 74.96% and 74.87% respectively, and was significantly higher than that of purebred breeds(P<0.05), with only 64.99% for Luchuan pigs. The lean meat rate between hybrid pig and Luchuan pig was significantly different (P<0.05). The lean meat of Luchuan pig was 39.67%, while the offspring of DL and LD increased by 13.74% and 15.23 respectively. The backfat thickness of Luchuan pig was 3.47 cm, which higher than that of DL and LD pigs by 0.80 cm and 0.94 cm respectively, and shown significant difference (P<0.05).Meat quality detection results showed that there was no significant difference between the filial generation of DL and LD pigs in meat color and water-holding capacity. In the aspect of tenderness, the shear stress of LD pigs (17.14 N) was lower than that of DL pigs, which showed significant difference(P<0.05).Above all, the hybrid offspring of Duroc and Luchuan pig can make up for the tiny body and low lean meat of Luchuan pig, and the tenderness of DL pig is better than that of LD pig.(3) Nutrient composition determination results of longissimus muscle of DL, LD and purebred Luchuan showed that DL pigs had the highest protein and moisture content per hundred gram meat and there was no significant difference between each other in ash content. The intramuscular fat content of Luchuan pig (7.57%) was the highest, followed by LD pigs (7.17%), but there were no significant difference between each other (P>0.05). The intramuscular fat content of DL pigs was the lowest and showed significant difference with the other group (P<0.05).The pig back longest muscle amino acid composition and content detection results of DL and LD pigs showed that there was no significant difference at the total amino acids, essential amino acid, umami amino acids, essential amino acid percentages of total amino acids and umami amino acid percentages of total amino acids between them (P>0.05), except for cystine content(P<0.05). Glu content was the highest among the 17 kinds of amino acid, while cystine was the lowest.In a word, there was no significant difference between the the hybrid offspring of Duroc and Luchuan pig at amino acid content, but the LD pig better genetic the characteristics of high intramuscular fat content. |
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