The Study Of The Ralativity Between Mineral Nutrients And Resistance In Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maxim And The Optimization Of Trichosanthes Kirilowii Seeds Processing Technology

Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim is a kind of Cucurbitaceae perennial dioecious vines plants, which are used as food and Chinese herbal medicines because of its high medical value. With the depth of studies of Trichosanthes kirilowii, it has been accepted by more and more people, and the demand for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds is growing substantially. But the serious diseases of Trichosanthes kirilowiiresulted from insect pests and the tough processing of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds have become the bottleneck of the scale-up development of Trichosanthes kirilowii. On one hand, this paper studied the effect of mineral elements on disease resistance of Trichosanthes kirilowii to provide technological guidance for scale-up planting. On the other hand, based on the problem of Trichosanthes kirilowii seed hard to take off the flesh and drying,the processing technology werestudied and optimized in orderto provide technological support for the deep processing of Trichosanthes kirilowii seed. Therefore the research of this paper has great significance for preferablydeveloping and utilizing Trichosanthes kirilowii resources.A. Aiming at heavy diseases of Trichosanthes kirilowii resulted from insect pests,the contents of mineral elements in four kinds of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim with diseaseswere determined and analyzed. Meanwhile, effects of nutrient deficiency and addition of mineral nutrient by foliage spray experiments on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim were studied under hydroponic cultivation.1.Four elements of Cu,Fe,Caand B had a significant correlation with the diseases of Trichosanthes kirilowii. In different sick plants, the differences of contents of elements were observed: compared with the control group, the contents of Ca and B were reduced by 51.98% and 51.98% respectively in Trichosanthes kirilowiigroup of anthrax, the content of Fein Trichosanthes kirilowii of gummy stem blight was lower 43.47%, andthe content of Cu in the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim with root knot nematode was decreased 67.25%. It did not find the obvious differences of the contents of mineral elements in Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim with root rot.2. Effects of nutrient deficiency and addition of single mineral nutrient(Cu, Fe,Ca and B) by foliage spray experiments on the activities of PPO, PAL, PODand the contents of lignin of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim were studied.1)After inoculated with pathogenic bacteria, the activities of PPO, PAL and the contents of lignin of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim cultivatedwith copper-deficient nutrient solutions were lower significantly thanthe control groupand the other nutrient-deficienttreatment groups. After spraying with 10.0 mmol/L Cu SO4 solution, the activities of PPO, PAL and the contents of lignin were improved.2) Compared with the control group and other nutrient-deficient treatment groups, the activity of POD in the iron-deficient group lowered except the activity peak,whichappearedafterinoculatedfor48 hoursandwashigherthanthatinthe calcium-deficient and the copper-deficient group, and theligninsynthesiswasinhibitedin early period of pathogen infection.Meanwhile, the activity of POD was increased after spraying with 10.0 mmol/L Fe SO4 solution.3) The enzymatic activities and the contents of lignin of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim cultivatedwith calcium-deficient nutrient solutions were decreased to some degree in comparisonwith the control group.The activity of PAL was improved obviously and the activity of POD were increased to certain degree after spraying with 10.0 mmol/L Ca(NO3)2solution.4) Compared with the control group, the enzymatic activities of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim cultivatedwith calcium-deficient nutrient solutions were decreased in different degree, but the decrease range was less than that in the other nutrient-deficient treatment groups.The enzymatic activities did not have significant changes after the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim were sprayed with 10.0 mmol/LH3BO3 solution. technology were studied.B. On the side of processing technologyof Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, the problem of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds hard to take off the flesh and drying1. To solve theproblem of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds hard to take off the flesh, the contents of the flesh of the Trichosanthes kirilowiiwere were determined and analyzed, and the method of microbialauxiliary to take off the flesh of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds was used. Yeast was chosen to decompose Trichosanthes kirilowiiflesh,and the optimized conditions with the concentration of bacterium of 2.01*107cfu/m L, the volume of bacteria solution of 70 m L, the mass of material of 50 g and storage time of 96 hours were obtained.2. On the side of drying technology of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, the dry processing with two continuous sections was used. It could reduce the drying time and avoid the unsaturated fatty acid in Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds to be oxidated, and improve the quality of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds. The optimum conditions were that: to dry 35 minutes at 95?,then drying 9 hours at 60?.It took less time and the content of unsaturated fatty acid accounted for as high as 89.62%.