Study On Reproductive Biology Of Euscaphis Konishlii

In order to enrich the reproductive biology characteristics data of Euscaphis konishii,Provided scientific basis for the cultivation of the plant and to improve the seed setting rate. Took the artificial planted twelve years old Euscaphis konishii as materials, which was from Jiangxi Agricultural University’s bonsai flower base, Observed its phonological features and the whole growth process from the flower bud differentiation to flowering and fruiting through paraffin section, mainly including flower bud morphological differentiation and the development of spore and male and female, determining pollen viability and stigma, observed pollen morphology under the scanning electron microscope.Studied the process of sexual reproduction of Euscaphis konishii systematically. The main conclusions are as follows:1.The phenological characteristics of Euscaphis konishii: bud swelling period is from late February to early March; from Mid March to early April is leaf expansion period;inflorescence formation period is from late March to May; flowering period is from mid May to early June; fruit ripening stage is from early June to early November; fruit abscission period is from late March to June.2.The inflorescence type Euscaphis konishii is dichasium, blossom and truition are mainly in the upper branches, the flower bud differentiation are gradually fromoutside to inside. Flower bud differentiation processes roughly divide into inflorescence petal differentiation period,stamen differentiation period and pistil differentiation period.3.Euscaphis konishii sepals, petals and stamens are 5, stamens occasionally seen in 4 or6, apocarpous 3, superior ovaries, inflorescence primordial differentiation, Euscaphis konishii flower bud morphological differentiate since early March in Nanchang area, and enter the beginning of flowering period in late May, about ninety days. The floral organ on the same plant but in different position and differentiate in different time, there are and no obvious time nodes.4.Euscaphis konishii anther wall is composed of epidermis, endothecium, middlelayer and tapetum from outside to inside. The velvet felt layer has 1 to more nucleus, which provides nutrients for anther growth and development. The pattern of microspores in the tetrad period is of tetrahedron, The mature pollen grain of Euscaphis konishii is 2-cell type.There are some cavity pollens grains and late period non degradable abortive phenomenon of tapetum cells during development period of female and male gametophyte. Under the scanning electron microscope, observed pollen equator view for long spherical, 3 long germination ditch, polar front view for the trifid rounded, anther and pollen grains are golden brown. Under electron microscope, observed some Euscaphis konishii pollen have flat part and abnormal shape.5.Euscaphis konishii ovary is 3-chambered, each room has 3-4 pieces amphitropous,polygonum type. Part of the embryo sac in the female gametophyte development processappeared cavity in some embryo sac, and there were some incomplete embryo sac from mitotic stage to eight nuclear age. Occured abortion and fruit phenomenon. During Euscaphis konishii flower bud flowering process, unopened buds and open flowers both have off phenomena.6.The overlap time is as long as about 3 days, during which single flower pollen viability and stigma receptivity of Euscaphis konishii both are strong, and its anther position is higher than stigma, which is conducive to pollinate the flowers.