| In order to explore the Tianzhu mule duck in different growth stage nutritional needs and high quality breeding diet formula, and to provided parameters and scientific basis for Tianzhu mule duck feeding standard carried out the present paper research. In this paper, the following 6 experiment were carried out: The Tianzhu mule duck growth regularity and feed consumption research, the study of different diet nutrition and energy metabolic rate of Tianzhu mule duck, basal metabolic rate for energy and nutritive substance of Tianzhu mule duck, effects of different diets on growth performance and feed conversion in Tianzhu mule duck, effects of different diets on Slaughter performance and duck meat nutrition in Tianzhu mule duck, study on Feeding Effects of Dstillers' grains fermentative feed in Tianzhu Mule Duck.Test 1: 2,000 commodity mule duck at 0 day of age self-feeding the local factory's complete compound duck feed for 91 days. The Results showed that Tianzhu mule duck average weight of 13 weeks was2854±188.8 g. The average daily gain increases by 15.9 g to 45.6 g.Feed intake have a linear ascending tendency which increases by 24.2 g of the first week age to 183 g. feed consumption of each gram gain weight have a linear ascending tendency which increases by 1.55 g of the first week to 5.02 g. energy and CP consumed of Each gram gain weight was increasing along with the increase of day age which increases respectively are by 19.7KJ to 65 KJ, 0.27 g to 0.76 g. According to the weight, daily gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and the efficiency of ME and CP analyses of different weeks of age and come to the growth rhythm, transformation rule of feed, ME and CP. This can be used for reference in the standard of Tianzhu mule duck nutritional needs.Test 2: 25 growthing mule duck of 70 days of age and weight about 1800±50g was divided into five groups randomly. After pre-experiment and empty stomach of 48 h in special metabolic cages, artificial fill feeding diet of one-time, collection faeces and urine for 24 h and test its composition and energy analysis. It was concluded that Mule duck's nutrient metabolic rates of ration formulation is as follows: DM71.29%?CP79.50%?EE95.84%?CF20.80%?ash52.20%?NEF92.56%?ME79.46%, there was no obvious difference in five groups. To think that mule duck's nutrients and energy metabolic rate has no obvious change in small increments nutrient content of the die under the condition of ration formulation.Test 3: Effects of different diets on growth performance and feed conversion in Tianzhu mule duck. 240 Tianzhu mule ducks at 0 day of age was randomly divided into four groups(Group 1, 2, 3, 4), each group consisted of 60 ducks which were fed with different nutritional levels of diets( 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively). The experimental duration was 13 weeks(90d). The results showed that the Whole period average daily gain(ADG) of Groups 2 was the highest among four groups. Compared to Group 1, 3 and 4, the ADG of Group 2 had increased by 20.4%(p<0.01), 19.1%(p<0.01) and 7.1%(p>0.05), respectively. FCR of Group 2 is lowest respectively. The ME intake per gram body weight gain(ME conversion efficiency) of Group 2 is the least reduced respectively. The PER of Group 2 is the hightest, increased respectively. It was concluded that the growth rate?feed conversion efficiency? The diet of energy efficiency and protein efficiency was significantly correlated with the protein content and protein and energy ratio of the diet. And the diet containing ME13MJ/kg, CP 20.9%(Ducklings), CP 19.1%(Growthing duck), CP 18.2%(Fattening duck), protein and energy ratio 14.9 g/MJ was best effect for the Tianzhu mule duck.Test 4: After feeding test randomly selected 5 duck from each group was experimentally killed to test. The results showed that the percentage of breast muscle, leg muscle and eviscerated carcass of Groups 2 was the highest among five groups. There were significantly discrepancy Compared to other groups. Slaughter rates of each group were all about 80%, have no significant difference(p>0.05). In the duck meat DM, CP, ash, NFE and unsaturated fattyacid content of test group 5 is the highest. NFE content have no significant difference between group 1 and group 5. Group1 total essential amino(EAA) is the highest. There were significantly discrepancy Compared to other groups. It was concluded that The nutrition and structure of the diet has obvious effect on slaughter performance and nutrient content in the meat of Tianzhu mule duck. the diet containing ME13MJ/kg, CP 20.9%~18.2%, slaughter performance is betterthe. Add 20% distillers' grains fermentative feed into the diet can significantly improve the unsaturated fatty acid content of the duck meat.The diet containing ME13MJ/kg, CP18.2%~15.1%, can improve the essential amino acid content of duck meat.Test 5: Study on Feeding Effects of Dstillers' grains fermentative feed in Tianzhu Mule Duck. In the test, 120 Tianzhu mule ducks at 0 day of age were randomly divided into Control group and Test group,each group had 60 ducks. The feeding duration was 91 d. The Results showed that the body weight gain of the Test group was 4.26% higher than that of control group(p>0.05), the feed intake per gram body weight gain(feed conversion efficiency) was 5.4% less than the Control group(p> 0.05); the ME intake per gram body weight gain(ME conversion efficiency) was 17.5% less than the Control group(p>0.05); the PER was 13.9% higher than the Control group(p<0.01), the survival rate was 5.78% higher than the Control group(p<0.05); the economic effect was 64.93% higher than the Control group(896.4yuan:543.5yuan). It was concluded that the body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, survival rate and economic effect for Tianzhu mule ducks could be improved when fed the diet containing 20% distillers' grains fermentative feed. |
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