The Effect Of Quicklime Application On Acid Soil Improvement And The Quality And Quantity Of Flue-cured Tobacco

Along with the advancement of "level on cigarette" policy, Zhong Yan enterprise increase the requirement of the quality of tobacco leave. How to steadily improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco, optimize the structure of leaf grades, promote the benign development of the tobacco industry become the focus of the present. The p H of soil is one of the factors which affects the nutrient, efficiency and the station of soil. The differences of the p H in the soil have great effect on the quality of the tobacco leaf. The level of the p H could affect the tobacco plant's uptake an utilization of the nutrient in the soil when it's too high or too low, which result in affecting the metabolize process inside the tobacco plants and finally making effects on the quality of the tobacco leaf. Though the comparing and the analyzing the production and the reality quality of the tobacco leaf in Meizhou area, it found that in the tobacco production area in Meizhou, the soil acidified led to the problems of the decline of the quality and quantity of the tobacco leaf. In Meizhou, what application of the quicklime is the best choice to solve problems of the soil acidified and the decline of the tobacco leaf's quality and quantity haven't been studyed yet. This study sets three application level of the quicklime in representative tobacco fields and choosing the local introduced cultivation variety Yunyan 87. The three experiment designs are applying the quicklime 0kg/mu respectively, 50kg/mu, 100kg/mu, each processing repeated three times, and each district has 100 tobacco plants, which setting the line protection around the field. Before transplanting with tobacco the fertilizer as usual. The field management follows the local production technology standards and the flue-cured tobacco follows the tobacco leaf mature standard and the intensive baking process, which aims to provide reference for reasonable application of the quicklime in tobacco production. The applying specific research content as follows: the different application of the quicklime's effect on the soil nutrient content, the flue-cured tobacco field growth agronomic characters, accumulation of the dry matter, the changes of the chemical composition during the growing period and after baking, economic characters of the tobacco leafs. Research results show that:1, The soil physical and chemical properties: applying quicklime has great influence on the p H of soil. And about the nutrient content of soil, applying quicklime could advance the tobacco plant's ability of absorbing the every nutrient in the soil though changing the acidified soil. At the meaning time,applying quicklime could enhance the activities of the sucrose and hydrogen peroxidase in the soil, which provide a better surrounding for tobacco's growth.2, The agronomic traits: there is great significant difference between the three treatments in plant height, stem girth, pitch, the number of the blades and the maximum of the leaf length and width during the tobacco plants' growth period. Applying quicklime could improve the acidified soil, enhancing the ability of applying fertilizer in the tobacco plants. In the treatment of applying 100kg/mu quicklime, it has more number of leafs and the area of the leaf is bigger, which multiple characters are better.3, The accumulation of dry matter in maturity period of the tobacco: comparing with the blank control, after improving the acidified soil when applying quicklime, it could increase the accumulation of dry matter of tobacco. It has great significant effect on the quality of tobacco leafs, but it has no effect on the tobacco's stem.4, The main chemical components during the tobacco's growth period: according to the analysis of the changes' rule of the tobacco nicotine, total nitrogen, total sugar, reducing sugar, starch and total potassium before baking the tobacco, the result shows that applying quicklime increases the content of tobacco nicotine, total sugar and reducing sugar, but the content of the total nitrogen and starch are decreasing, and the more quicklime it applies the efficiency is more obviously.5, The main chemical components after baking: applying quicklime has significant influence on the main chemical components in the baked tobacco. When the application of the quicklime is higher, the total sugar, reducing sugar, tobacco nicotine and total nitrogen in baked tobacco is higher. But it has less effect on the total potassium. The treatment of applying 100kg/mu quicklime's chemical components in baked tobacco is more harmonious.6, The appearance quality and the sensory quality after baking tobacco: applying quicklime could improve the acidified soil, making the appearance quality and the sensory quality of tobacco leaf after baking are better the CK. It shows that applying quicklime could improve the appearance quality and the sensory quality of the tobacco leafs.7, Economic characters: the S2 treatment's output, production, average price, the proportion of superior tobacco are better than others treatments, the total value of tobacco leafs is higher.8, Generally, when it applies 100kg/mu quicklime in Meizhou, it could improve the acidified soil continually and keep the activities of the sucrose and hydrogen peroxidase in the soil on a high level. In this treatment, it's proportion of superior tobacco, average price, total value are the best. It's agronomic traits and the accumulation of the dry matter are better than others treatments. It' s tobacco leafs are more harmonious in total nitrogen, total sugar, reducing sugar, tobacco nicotine and starch, which improve the quality of the tobacco leafs significantly. It is the best application of this experiment.