| In this experiment, the grape cultivars ‘Shuangyou'?'Shuanghong'?‘Beta'?‘LDP294'?‘Red globe' that provided by Jiayuguan Hongfeng Grape Base were used as test materials, with the method of in vitro grafting technique, the ‘Red Globe' grape were grafted by split grafting to improve resistance of ‘Red Globe' grape. With the basic medium of GS, the grafted seedlings were cultured for 35 d at 25±1? with full light for24 h, the related indexes were measured. The plantlets with robust growth state were selected and transplanted after acclimatization, then the photosynthetic physiological indexes were determined after the test tube seedling being lignified.1. Effect of different grafted combinations of rootstocks on growth indexes of ‘Red Globe' scionWith ‘Shuangyou', ‘Shuanghong', ‘Beta', ‘LDP294' being the rootstocks, ‘Red Globe' being scion, the grape test tube seedlings were grafted in vitro. After being cultured for 35 d, the survival rate was calculated and results showed that the survival rate was ‘Red Globe+ Beta' > ‘Red Globe + Shuanghong' > ‘Red Globe + Shuangyou' > ‘Red Globe +LDP294'. The grafted combination of ‘Red Globe + Beta' obtained the highest survival rate at 85.33%, the combination of ‘Red Globe + LDP294' showed the lowest survival rate at 64.67%.The plant height, root length, root weight, root to shoot ratio and internode length among the grafted plants and self-rooted grapes were compared and found that self-rooted grapes and grafted plants were significantly different. Among the four kinds of grafting combinations, combination of ‘Red Globe + Beta' showed the biggest growth index, then followed by ‘Red Globe + Shuanghong' and ‘Red Globe + Shuangyou', the combination of ‘Red Globe + LDP294' showed the lowest indexes, which is similar to the results of graft survival rate. It can be seen, the affinity of ‘Red Globe + Beta' was the best, the worst for combination of ‘Red Globe + LDP294'.2. Effect of different grafted combinations of rootstocks on physiological indexes of ‘Red Globe' scionThe chlorophyll contents in grafted plants and self-rooted plants were determined and results showed that the total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b content in both of the two plants changed similarly, the chlorophyll contents were shown as ‘Red Globe + Beta' > ‘Red Globe + Shuanghong' > ‘Red Globe + Shuangyou' > ‘Red Globe +LDP294' > ‘Red Globe'; Seen from the change of root activity, the highest root activity of‘Red Globe + Beta' was 1312 mg·g-1·h-1; The soluble protein in combination of ‘Red Globe + Beta' was 1369ug·g-1 that was significantly higher than the other grafted combination,the soluble sugar content in ‘Red Globe + Beta' was significantly higher than the other grafted combination. The grafted survival rate was very significantly positive correlated with chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a+b and was significant positive correlated with the soluble protein, soluble sugar, root activity, but not for chlorophyll a/b. According to the physiological and biochemical indexes in both self-rooted and grafted plants, results can be concluded that 'Beta' was the best rootstock to graft for ‘Red Globe' with the highest grafting affinity. The grafted affinity of different rootstocks on “Red Globe” was calculated and shown as ‘Red Globe + Beta' >‘Red Globe + Shuanghong' >‘Red Globe+ Shuangyou' >‘Red Globe + LDP294'> ‘Red Globe'.3. Effect of different grafted combinations of rootstocks on photosynthetic indexes of ‘Red Globe' scionThe photosynthetic parameters of the four grafted plants and self-rooted ‘Red Globe'were measured by CI-340 portable photosynthesis system, results showed that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate in both the four grafted plants and self-rooted ‘Red Globe' was a curve of double peak, the photosynthetic depression appeared at 13 o'clock;The net photosynthetic rate in combination of ‘Red Globe + beta' was significantly higher than that of other grafted combinations, the lowest rate was seen in combination of ‘Red Globe +LDP294'. The change of intercellular CO2 concentration was in contrast to that of net photosynthetic rate, the net photosynthetic rate had significantly positive correlation with transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency, but negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration. Monthly change of net photosynthetic efficiency was shown as ‘Red Globe+ Beta' > ‘Red Globe + Shuanghong'> ‘Red Globe +Shuangyou'> ‘Red Globe + LDP294'. According to the correlation analysis between photosynthetic parameters and grafted survival rate, the grafted survival rate had positive correlation with net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.Among the four different combinations of grafted rootstock, ‘Red Globe+ Beta', ‘Red Globe+ Shuangyou', ‘Red Globe + Shuanghong' promoted plant growth, ‘Red Globe +LDP294' inhibited plant growth. Taking ‘Beta' as the rootstock, the grafted combination with ‘Red Globe' can effectively promote plant growth and development. |
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