| Based on analyzing the present situation of Donghua north of corn production in China, combining with the ecological characteristics of Maize in Shanxi Province, set the breeding goal of the high yield, disease resistance and wide adaptability, good quality. Using backcross breeding, breeding ring and molecular marker method, it has worked out a new maize varieties Qiangsheng103. The selection of inbred lines, improved methods are analyzed in detail, and the cultivation techniques were studied. The results are as follows:1.The selection of inbred linesSelection of domestic and foreign excellent inbred Dan717 and Xianyu 335 male parent and carried on the improvement of breeding of maize inbred lines containing Sheng7 and 235.With the two breeding materials, it has worked out a new maize varieties Qiangsheng103. It had excellent performance in the test in the corn area in Shanxi Province, and had approvaled in 2014. At present it has become the main varieties of Shanxi Qiangsheng Company, is expected to be extended to two million acres in 2017.2. Shape description, test results, resistance and quality performance of Qiangsheng 103Plant shape compact, total leaf number 21-22 pieces, plant height 310cm, ear 115 cm, anther yellow, Ying shell red. Filaments pale red, ear drum type, red cob, spike length 20.5 cm, ear row 16 to 18, grain number per row 40.5 grain, grain yellow, grain type semi dent type, kernel top light yellow,100 grain weight 40.5 grams, seed rate of 88.5%, comprehensive characters of excellent.It has attended Shanxi spring late maturing corn dense set of regional test in 2011-2012, annual yield of 816.9 kg in 2011, it increased by 10.3% than that of the control variety Dafeng30, annual yield of 863 kg in 2012, it increased by 9.6% than that of the control variety Dafeng26.During these two years, the average per mu yield 839.9 kg, increased by 9.9% than that of the control,18 points test, yield 94%. Production test in 2013, the average yield of 833.9 kg, than the control by 7.7%,8 point test, yield point 88%.It was identified the resistance in the Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Provincial Academy of agricultural plant protection research:high resistance to stalk rot, resistance to rough dwarf disease, anti ear rot, dwarf mosaic, head smut, leaf blight, resistance good. It was carryed out the quality detection in Ministry of agriculture and cereal products quality supervision, inspection and Testing Center (Harbin):776 g/L of bulk density,10.3% of crude protein, crude fat 3.7%, crude starch 74.3%.3. Cultivation techniques of Qiangsheng103The planting density had great influence on the yield of Qiangsheng103 maize varieties, and the difference between the different densities reached a very significant level (11.21**), and the yield reached the highest under the planting density 6.75 × 104hm~2.Planting density also had effects on Agronomic Traits of 103 maize varieties, plant height and ear height increased with the increase of density, ear length, ear diameter, grain number and 100 kernel weight decreased with the increase of plant density. Due to the mutual regulation of yield traits, the yield difference between 6×104hm~2 and 6.75 ×1O4 hm~2 was not significant, which showed that the yield of Qiangsheng103 maize variety was relatively stable in the range of 6 ×104hm~2 to 6.75 ×104hm~2 is the most suitable planting density, to 6.75 ×104 hm~2 as the highest planting density of high water and fertilizer conditions.4. ExpectationAccording to the analysis of Qiangsheng103 breeding and cultivation techniques, combined with the current characteristics of varieties is not difficult to see that the breeding density tolerance, high lodging resistance varieties and strong was the development direction of maize breeding in the future. |
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