Effect Of Water-saving Irrigation Technology Based On Integration Of Water And Fertilizer On Water Use Of Summer Maize

The production of summer maize in Huabei Plain takes an important part in agricultural production in our country,influenced by semi-arid continental monsoon climate and the decreasing tendency of rainfall since the initial stage of 21 century,it takes great challenges for the steady production of summer maize.The integration of water and fertilizer not only could provide sufficient water for crops,but also improve the use efficiency of water and fertilizer so as to decrease water waste and environment pollution resulted by exceeded use of fertilizer.This experiment conducted in Huabei Plain during summer maize growing season,combine the different irrigation methods,to explore the effect of water use efficiency and grain yield owing to the different quantity use of fertilizer and different irrigation date,and we hope to provide theory basis for summer maize cultivar in North China Plain through this experiment.This experiment was conducted in strip border check in ShanDong agricultural university station.Three contrasts were set,A: Three different nitrogen fertilizer use;1.Traditional urea use(FPN),315 kg N/hm2(40%N applied in seeding stage),2.Liquid fertilizer used the same quantity of N as traditional urea use(100%N),315 kg N/hm2(40%N applied in seeding stage),3.20% decrease of N compared with traditional urea use(80%N),252 kg N/hm2(40%N applied in seeding stage).B: Two irrigation method;1.Flooding irrigation(75mm),2.Sprinkling irrigation,60% quantity decrease of water compared with flooding irrigation(45mm).C: Two different period for fertilization use;1.60% V12(at bell stage),2.30% V12(at bell stage)+ 30% R2(at filling stage).Summer maize variety was ZhengDan 958,manual seeding at a density of 4500 plant/a.Soil water content,dry matter weight above ground,precipitation,evapotranspiration,yield and yield compositions were measured in different summer maize growing stage to explore the effects of integration of water and fertilizer on summer maize for water use characteristics.The values of WUE for treatment FP under flooding and sprinkling irrigation were the highest than other treatments,the yield of it under twice irrigation condition was the highest under sprinkling irrigation and showed no significant difference from the highest yield under flooding irrigation,thus,FPF can be one method to improve efficiency of water and fertilizer of summer maize when use urea fertilizer.However,we also found that fluid fertilizer was more easier absorbed by crop and significantly improved the grain yield of summer maize.Compared with flooding irrigation,sprinkling irrigation can significantly improve WUE and grain yield,so,sprinkling irrigation is the better way when using integration of water and fertilizer.We got higher value of WUE and similar grain yield than other treatments on treatment which used 80% fluid fertilizer,but 100% fluid fertilizer treatments were showed lowest grain yield among other treatments,thus,we recommend the 80% fluid fertilizer treatment as the better way when using sprinkling irrigation.When using 80% fluid fertilizer,once irrigation carried out in trumpet stage showed higher WUE and grain yield than twice irrigation which carried out in trumpet stage and filling stage.The treatment of 80 PQ was recommended as an efficient way in summer maize cultivar in HuaBei Plain,because it saved water and fertilizer significantly when got ideal grain yield,it also improved the value of WUE significantly.