| Dairy goat has a long history of feeding in our country,because the goat milk nutrition balanced and reasonable,rich in protein?carbohydrates?calcium and vitamins,easy to digest and absorb for human body,and make up for people's dietary deficiencies,better nutrition and health effects,especially for pregnant women,the elderly and children eating.In recent years,goat milk gradually occupies a place in our country's dairy consumer market,and highlights a certain market advantage.Dairy goats providing people for the good quality of goat milk,But dairy goats for the typical short-day seasonal breeding of animals,this seasonal breeding model led to a relatively fixed lambing/milk production cycle,only 7 to 8 months to the market provide fresh goat milk,dairy goat milk production period of uneven imbalance led to the consumption of fresh milk supply market annual imbalance.Due to this restriction in the production of dairy goats,it has brought many difficulties to drinking fresh goat's milk throughout the year,to a certain extent also limited the development of dairy goat farming and goat's milk industry.Many researchers at home and abroad have carried out some research on the balanced milk production of dairy goats and put forward some proposed solutions,but most of them have not really applied in practice.Therefore,How to ensure that the annual market demand for goat milk,to the market a balanced supply of fresh milk throughout the year,dairy goat production practice in urgent need to solve the problem,it is not only about the interests of farmers,but also on the development of goat milk market plays a vital role.According to the implementation of the application of experimental production site goat milk consumer market survey,nearly two years of goat milk orders relative more in winter,the relative reduction in summer,and in accordance with the traditional dairy goat fixed lambing/milk production cycle try to meet this market changes laws.This test is based on task group's dairy goat annual balanced milk production plan in the last 2 years,in the year of production and application test,adjust the annual dairy goat reproductive plan to make the dairy goat milk production,try to meet this market changes in the law.In the year of balanced production of milk production test.At the same time study the dairy goat annual balanced supply of milk matching technology system,including dairy goat semen extendersoptimization,monitoring of 5 reproductive hormones and growth hormones in peripheral blood of lambs of lambs in different months,as well as monitoring lactation laws in different seasons lambing lactation curve.In order to develop a breeding plan for the annual balanced milk production for dairy goats and to adopt modern breeding techniques,feeding and management,forage supply and other production links to ensure the annual balanced supply of dairy goats,and can be widely promoted applied to the production practice,has important guiding significance.Dairy goat farm annual balanced supply of milk production test results are as follows:1.According to the test site of the local market goat milk seasonal demand regular laws,This test for the experimental site breeds ewes in August to September 2016,January and March 2017 conducted synchronization estrus or induced estrus treatment,the production of lactating ewes using norethisterone vaginal slow release device + pregnant horse serum gonadotropin(NRID + PMSG/FSH + PG)method to conducted synchronization estrus or induced estrus treatment.The estrus rates of the three batches of ewes were 97.5 %,95.23 %and 93.23 % respectively within 96 h after removal of NRID.The young ewes were treated with one or two PG + PMSG/FSH methods conducted,The estrus rates of the three batches of ewes were 92.3 %,92.59 % and 90 % respectively.There was no significant difference in the efficiency of the treatment between pluriparous ewes and young ewes(P>0.05).Estrus ewes use artificial insemination or mate with ram,returning ewes use ram mate.In September 2016,the pregnancy rate of pregnant ewes was 84.28 %,and in January 2017,the pregnancy rate of pregnant ewes was 81.96 %.2.Based on the research group's test on the semen cryogenic preservation extender screening of dairy goat semen,for the elected four semen extender formulas were preliminary screened and then the semen preservation time was further screened under strict control conditions in the earlier stage.At the first,we added 10 % of the fresh egg yolk in the four kinds of semen extender,the semen 10 times dilution,cryogenic preservation,the test results show that the formula B and formula D cryogenic preservation sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity was significantly better than formula A and formula C(p<0.05).On the basis of this,5 %,7.5 %,10 %,12.5 %,15 %,17.5 % and 20 % of the yolk were added to the semen dilution of different yolk ratios in formula B and formula D,the semen 10 times dilution,cryogenic preservation.The results showed that the sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity of the semen preserved in formula B and formula D of 10 %,12.5 % and15 % of the egg yolk were significantly better than those of several other yolk ratios(p<0.05),and the three ratios have no difference(P>0.05).So we elected the suitable interval for addition of yolk concentration in this experiment is 10 % to 15 %.By comparing the effectsof adding 10 %,12.5 % and 15 % yolk in the formula B and formula D cryogenic preservation of semen,the results showed that there was no difference in the effect of cryogenic preservation of semen in the two formulas during 96 h(P > 0.05),there had significant difference between the two groups after 96h(P < 0.05).3.The peripheral blood of ewes lambing in different months breeding in the year2015~2016 was collected and the serum was isolated.used enzyme linked lmmunosorbent assay method to detected the serum level of five reproductive hormones and growth hormone.The results showed that the changes curve five reproductive hormones and growth hormone levels of ewes lambing in different months breeding were consistent.The concentration of prolactin(PRL)in the serum detected on day 0,day 1 and month 8 of lambing was increased from day 0 of lambing,and postpartum day 7 reaching a higher concentration level,and then gradually decreasing;Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)increased from 0 days after delivery to the postpartum 7 days to reach a higher concentration level,and then decreased to the lambs after first month to maintain a certain concentration within the change;Luteinizing hormone(LH)decreased from 0 days after delivery,reached a high concentration in the second month after delivery,and then gradually decreased;Estradiol(E2)began to decline from 0 days after delivery,from the first 7 days after birth in a certain concentration range slowly increased to the first 8 months after delivery to a higher concentration level;Progesterone(P4)began to decline on the day of lambing to 7 days after the slow rise to the second month after delivery to reach a higher value,and then slowly reduced;Growth hormone(GH)reached the higher level on the day of lambing,then decreased and decreased to a low level on day 7 postpartum,followed by a fluctuating range.4.Used the ewes lambing in different months in 2016 and monitored the entire lactation lactation curve.The results showed that lactation was produced by recording and statistical analysis of lactation data from 13 d to 17 d,43d to 47 d,73d to 77 d,103d to 107 d,133d to 137 d,163d to 167 d,193d to 197 d.The results showed that the lactation curve of lambs of different lambing in different months was basically the same,but the difference of lactation volume was significant(p<0.05),The lactation volume of the ewes lambing in January were higher,but in May was lower.The main factors of analysis may be related to the age and parity of ewes lambing in different months lactation,feed supply and the variation of temperature in different months of the year. |
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