Study On The Fatty Acids Composition And Quality Of Prunus Mongolica Maxim.Seeds Oil

Prunus mongolica Maxim.was a minor oil shrubs in the desert area of middle Asia,its seed oil content was more than 50%,oil unsaturated fatty acid content was up to 98%.In this paper,the oil properties and quality were studied.The experiment results showed that:1.The acid value,peroxide value,and iodine value of P.mongolica oil were 0.277 mg·g^-1,165.0μmol·kg^-1and 99.95g·100g^-1,it was belong to low acid value oil.The oil phospholipids content was 0.636%⁰.676%,and unsaponifiable matter content was 0.60%.The oil essential elements Cu,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Co,Ni Content were 44.25μg·100g^-1,345.52μg·100g^-1,31.04μg·100g^-1,191.6μg·100g^-1 and 31.68μg·100g^-1.2.The P.mongolica seeds oil was scanned by infrared spectroscopy,the basic information of its molecular structure characteristic was observed.It was detected that the strong vibration peak of unsaturated double bonds hydrocarbon at 3008cm^-1,this peak was more stronger than animal oil.In 2850²925cm^-1 had two peaks,the symmetry stretching vibration peak of methyl group of hydrocarbon at 2850cm^-1,the anti-stretching vibration peak of methylene hydrocarbon at 2925cm^-1,the bending folded vibration peak of four or more continuous methylene at 720cm^-1,this peak was also stronger than animal oil.The sharp bending vibration peak of methylene or methyl in molecular chain at 1640 cm^-1,and the very strong stretching vibration peak of aliphatic hydroxyl in the lipid molecules at 1740 cm^-1 respectively.The P.mongolica seeds oil was scanned by ultraviolet spectroscopy,it had the largest absorption peak,that was the conjugated dienes compound absorption peak in 225²35nm.It had a weak absorption peak,that was the conjugated triene compounds absorption peak in 265²75nm.3.The P.mongolica seeds oil contain 16 kinds fatty acids,arachidonic acid,heptadecanoic acid,neuronal acid,lauric acid were first tested in this experiment.The highest fatty acids in P.mongolica seeds oil were oleic acid and linoleic acid,65.95% and 29.97%,total unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 98.16%.In addition to linoleic acid belongs to ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids,γ-linolenic and arachidonic acid also belong to the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids,content were 0.152% and 0.045%.Only α-linolenic acid belongs to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with a content of 0.018%.Ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contain was 1675.94.4.Oxidation stability studies show that,the peroxide value,acid value and iodine value of store in refrigerator at 4℃ for 6 months oil were 0.84 mmol·kg^-1,0.534mg·g^-1 and 111.6g·100g^-1 respectively,it was in line with the national edible oil three quality standard.By using Schaal` method,after treating with 60±1℃for 21 days,the oil acid valueraised from 0.295mg·g^-1 to 0.559 mg·g^-1,peroxide value raised from 0.166 mmol·kg^-1 to 11.172mmol·kg^-1,and iodine value decreased to not detectable after the eighth days.Indicating the P.mongolica seeds oil has strong antioxidant stability.The content of δ-vitamin E in the Prunus mongolica seeds oil was the highest number with 57.1 mg·100g^-1 The P.mongolica seeds oil include higher vitamin E and flavonoid compounds.The content of flavonoid compounds in the P.mongolica seeds oil was the highest number with 1.33%⁰.92%.The total vitamin E content was 157.4mg·100g^-1,The contented of δ-vitamin E in the P.mongolica seeds oil was the highest number with 57.1mg·100g^-1,followed by α-vitamin E with 49.36mg·100g^-1,and the γ-and β-vitamin E contented with 22.30 mg·100g^-1 and 28.65mg·100g^-1 respectively.5.Form the perspective of food safety analysis show that,the P.mongolica seeds oil As and Hg contented was 2.41×10-4μg·100g^-1 and 1.65×10-6μg·100g^-1.Does’ t contain laetrile.Mice were given twice daily at a maximum dose of 0.2mL·10g^-1 bw.The result of acute toxicological experiment for 15 consecutive days show that.The mice can normally activity,eating food and drinking water.The average weight result the experimental group more higher than the control group 2.7g.LD50 were greater than 54g·kg^-1bw.Mice did not appear poisoning.It was in line with the national “food safety toxicoloty evaluation procedures ’’ non-toxic standards.