| As one of the fast-growing and afforestation tree species in southern China,Chinese fir plays an important role in economic construction and has made outstanding contributions to alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of timber in China.However,while the area of plantation is increasing,The problem of degradation of water,fertilizer and soil caused by continuous planting of multi-generation fir forest is becoming more and more prominent.Coupled with the low nutrient content and low nutrient cycling period of Chinese fir pure forest,the soil fertility and productivity further decline.In recent years,there are many researches on forest fertilization,but less fertilization experiment of Chinese fir plantation,and fertilization mainly for traditional furrow,not innovation of fertilization.In view of this,this research by Chinese fir center areas of Fujian province Shunchang Yangkou state forest farm as research sites,carry bag controlled fertilizer experiments,for many years in the plots of Chinese fir wood per foot,considering the variability of different treatments,and to analyze the various fertilization treatments of Chinese fir needles and soil nutrient element.The different treatments of nutrient content,Chinese fir fir needles and soil C,N,P content and ecological stoichiometry,diagnosis on the growth of Chinese fir,clear improvement effects of Fertilization on soil environment of Chinese fir forest,reducing fertilizer waste and pollution to the environment,while increasing the volume of Chinese fir plantation,shorten the rotation,improve the plantation expected economic value,puts forward the guiding opinions and suggestions for the scientific research and production of forestry in china.The main results are as follows:I Effects of fertilization on the growth of Chinese fir plantation1)The growth of AK8 and BK6 was the highest in the first year after fertilization,which was 2.41 and 2.39 meter respectively.The growth efficiency of AK10 was better than that of CK.AK10 treatment had the best growth effect,which was 10%higher than CK,and the initial tree height significantly affected the annual growth of Chinese fir in the first years.Second years after fertilization,in addition to AK8 other treatments when tree growth were higher than CK,an increase in 9?35%;Third year after fertilization,the annual tree height increased to 1.63?2.07 m,which AK6 the largest increase,reaching 122.4%;significant difference between high annual growth rate reached CK and fourth year after fertilization BK6 the tree(P<0.05).2)Due to the impact of the initial Chinese fir height and DBH factor,after fertilization second years accumulation of annual growth variation is small;from the beginning of the third years,the volume of plantation was significantly increased,the treatment of AK8 is CK the largest increase,up to 29.3%.Fertilization can significantly improve the growth of Chinese fir seedling index,AK8 treatment for 4 consecutive years the annual growth amount is the largest,up to 35.31 m3·hm-2,26.5%higher than the control,increase the depth of 15 cm treatment for 32.28 m3·hm-2,CK higher than 15.6%,the depth of 25 cm high 5.8%;8 the hole processing annual growth rate was 33.03 m3·hm-2,10 higher than the 6 hole 7.7%hole processing,processing more than 10.1%.From the fertilization effect,bag controlled>furrowing>CK,at the same time,bag controlled processing volume growth amount is higher than the year furrow treatment;fertilization effect from the number of holes,10 holes and 8 holes is better than 6 holes;fr-om the depth of fertilization,treatment is better than 15 cm 25 cm.Comprehensive analysis,AK8 fertilization treatment can improve the volume of Chinese fir,the artificial forest closed,shorten the rotation period,to improve the economic value of the expected target.? Effects of Fertilization on soil physical properties of Chinese Fir Plantation1)The soil moisture content decreases with the increase of soil depth decrease,water treatment rate of annual variation after fertilization showed that precipitation is the main factor affecting the natural moisture content,the effect of fertilization was not significant(P>0.05).2)After 8 years of fertilization,8 treatments were lower than CK treatment of 1.4 to 5.4%,and the third year after fertilization was lower than 4.6 to 4.8%of CK.The treatment of BK6 had a significant correlation with CK treatment(P<0.05).The treatment at 25 cm depth improved soil structure and reduced soil bulk density.3)Fertilization treatment can significantly improve the total porosity of the soil and capillary porosity.The soils,total porosity and capillary porosity increased by about 2%in the upper layer of 0?20 cm in the second year after fertilization,and 4?7%.III Effects of Fertilization on soil chemical properties of Chinese Fir Plantation1)With the increase of soil depth,the soil pH value also increased gradually.From the point of view of fertilization,the fertilization treatment at depth of 25 cm was better than other treatments,which alleviated the soil acidification of Chinese fir forest land.2)Fertilization can effectively improve the organic matter content of young Chinese fir,the trend of decreasing fertilizer after the fourth year is consistent with the natural law of the organic matter content of Chinese fir plantation with the growth of age.From the point of view of fertilization,bag control is better than traditional spreading;fertilization depth,25 cm better than 15 cm.3)The soil available components increased with the addition of fertilizers,but decreased with the loss of fertilizer efficiency.IV Effects of Fertilization on Eco chemical characteristics of Chinese Fir Plantation1)C,N and P contents of all treatments in 0?20 cm soil layer from 2012 to 2015 were lower than the national average(24.56 mg g-1,1.88 mg·g-1 and 0.78 mg·g-1).At the same time,the application of fertilizer could increase the concentration of nutrients in the soil.The first year after fertilization,the total carbon 8 fertilizer treatments were higher than that of the blank,the growth in 3.2?28.0%,the fertilization depth,total carbon 15 cm fertilization depth processing is better than 25 cm,25 cm after the 2014 total carbon fertilization depth is better than 15 cm,25 cm depth was gradually apparent.In 2012,AK10 and CK in the total nitrogen reached a significant difference,which was significantly different from that of BK10.In the third year after fertilization,the 8-hole of total nitrogen was better than other pore number and the traditional fertilization treatment.After fertilization,The results showed that BK6 and AK10 reached a significant level of 0.05,BK10 reached a very significant difference of 0.01,the fourth year after fertilization,BK10 treatment The highest total phosphorus content was 0.31 g · kg-1.2)First years after fertilization,soil C:N ranged from 11.90?18.27,soil C:P was 35.27?48.80,AK10 and CK reached a significant difference of level between soil N:P.Second years after fertilization,soil C:N ranged from 11.04?14.93,the soil C:P ranged from 35.13?52.69,BK10 treatment was the minimum,of which N:P was between 3.19?3.65,AK6 was the maximum,and BK10 treatment was the minimum.3)The content of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in needle leaf of Chinese Fir plantation increased with the increase of time,the value of which was also in accordance with the law of the growth of common trees.Third years after fertilization,the total carbon AK10 and CK reached 0.01,significantly negative correlation was negative significant relationship between BK8 and CK(P<0.05);total nitrogen in all fertilizer treatments were higher than that of the blank,the depth of fertilization,15 cm is better than 25 cm from fertilization,bag controlled is obviously better than the furrow full from the point of view of phosphorus fertilization,6 holes and 8 holes is better than the 10 hole.4)After fourth years of fertilization in C:P from fertilization,furrow is larger than the numerical control bag,this is due to the furrow,fertility loss resulting in decreased P contents in leaves,which leads to a larger C:P.The results of variance analysis,BK8 and CK were very significantly negative correlation.BK6 and CK were significant negative correlation;N:P value,from the perspective of fertilizer,6 holes were better than 8 and 10 wells,through the variance analysis shows that the BK6 and CK as the significant level,AK10 and CK was significantly positive the relevant level(P<0.01). |
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