Preliminary Study On The Genetic And Morphological Diversity Of Wild Salvia Miltiorrhiza Germplasm Resources

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is one of the traditional Chinese herbal medicines,which widely distributes in the middle and east of China.Salvia miltiorrhiza is one kind of perennial herb which belongs to Lamiaceae.Due to its significant effect in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease,resulting that the demand of Danshen have a persistently increase in recent years.However,because of many reasons,the number of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza is sharply declining now,and can't satisfy the requirements of market.Meanwhile,the quality of cultivated Salvia miltiorrhiza in different habitats is uneven and degradates seriously,and a variety of alternative products lead to market cohabitation.Therefore,it is very important to clarify the genetic background of Salvia miltiorrhiza and protect wild germplasm resources.At present,the research on the genetic diversity of Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm resources has been reported,however most of them are limited to cultivated population or a small number of wild populations.In particular,the genetic diversity of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm in China has not been researched.Above all,this study conducted a nationwide wild Salvia miltiorrhiza population as the research object.Through the study of the genetic and morphological diversity of the wild Salvia miltiorrhiza population,the systematic diversity of wild germplasm resources was evaluated,and the relationship between the germplasm resources of Salvia miltiorrhiza was established,which laid the foundation for the preservation,identification and rational application of Salvia miltiorrhiza.The results are as follows:1.Construction of Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm.The collection of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza samples in 15 provinces of China has been completed,and completely covered the natural distribution area of Salvia miltiorrhiza.A total of 1432 molecule materials were obtained,234 samples were acquired and 358 living materials were gained.2.The study of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza population genetic diversity.A total of 16895 SSRs were obtained from the large-scale development of Salvia miltiorrhiza microsatellite markers based on a transcriptome data,and 40 pairs of SSR primers(PIC>0.3)were successfully developed.Genetic analysis based on the SSR molecular marker showed that all the Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm resources were divided into two types,one was Salvia bowleyanae and the other was Salvia miltiorrhiza.The result of population structure analysis is basically the same as that of genetic analysis.3.The study of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza population morphological diversity.The morphological diversity of 84 Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm resources were analyzed by 13 quality characters and 9 quantitative characters.Principal component analysis showed that all the selected traits were involved in the composition of the active principal component.The coefficient of variation analysis showed that the coefficient of variation of quality traits was between 0.257 and 0.579,and the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits was between 0.145 and 0.421.Cluster analysis showed that the selected quality traits could be used to separate the populations of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salviae bowleyanae and most of the populations in Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salviae bowleyanae could be separated,besides the selected quantitative traits could only be separated from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia bowleyanae mostly.Therefore,in the identification of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia bowleyanae,the priority selection is quality traits,while the quantitative trait is as a supplement.