The Effect Of Different Spacing Of Micro-sprinkling Hoses And Irrigation Amount On Winter Wheat

In order to study the effect of spacing of Micro-sprinkling hoses and irrigation amount on growth,yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat,conducted field experiment from October 2015 to June 2016.Use Winter wheat "Xiaoyan No.22" as test varieties,and set four irrigation levels including high water,fat water,low water and no water: W0(no water throw whole growth period),W1(20 mm water supplement before jointing stage,and flowering stage,respectively),W2(40 mm water supplement before jointing stage,and flowering stage,respectively),W3(60 mm water supplement before jointing stage,and flowering stage,respectively);three spacing:T1(spacing 1.2 m),T2(spacing 1.6 m)and T3(spacing 2.0 m)?The growth,yield and water use condition of winter wheat under different treatments were studied.Test results showed that:(1)Different irrigation treatments had significant effect on the plant height of winter wheat,and the growth of winter wheat could be promoted obviously at jointing stage.The leaf area growth of winter wheat was similar to plant height.The leaf area reduction of winter wheat under no water treatment was significantly higher than that of fat and high water treatments,and the change of leaf area was the weakest under high water treatment.The growth of dry matter of winter wheat was the fastest at jointing stage and flowering stage,and the increase of irrigation amount in these two key growth stages could promote the accumulation of dry matter.The dry matter of winter wheat in the mature stage still increase with the increase of irrigation water,but the effect of increase was weakened with the increase of irrigation amount.The spacing of Micro-sprinkling hoses and interaction have little effect on the dry matter.(2)The flag leaf chlorophyll content of winter wheat rose gradually from the jointing stage,reached the maximum at the period close to the flowering stage,but the chlorophyll content decreased rapidly with the grouting activity.The effects of different irrigation amount treatments on the chlorophyll content of flag leaves in winter wheat were obvious,and the contents of chlorophyll rose under different treatments with the increase of irrigation amount,but there was no significant difference between high water treatment and fat water treatment,indicating that some water stress had little effect on flag leaf chlorophyll of winter wheat.The spacing of different Micro-sprinkling hoses has little significant effect on the chlorophyll content,and it is possible that the three spacing of the Micro-sprinkling hoses is within the proper range.The photosynthesis rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of winter wheat flag were rose with the increase of irrigation amount,and the flag leaf of winter wheat obtained the highest photosynthesis under W3T2 treatment.The correlation analysis also showed that chlorophyll content of flag leaf was significantly correlated with net photosynthetic rate.(3)Between 40-100 cm soil layer,the water consumption of this part in the soil is largest.With the increase of irrigation amount,the total water consumption,water consumption amount and water consumption intensity of winter wheat increased significantly during the whole growth period,which indicated that the sufficient water environment promoted the growth of winter wheat,the physiological activity of plant was stronger,so evapotranspiration was increased.The key water requirement Periods of winter wheat are from the jointing stage to the flowering stage,and with the fertility process the water intensity is getting bigger and bigger.The water supply coefficient of different growth stages was adjusted by irrigation,which ensured the water supply in the key growth period of winter wheat,and promoted the growth and development of winter wheat.Due to the blocking effect,the soil water storage in flowering stage is less than that in jointing stage under the same irrigation amount,meanwhile reducing the effective use of irrigation water.Larger spacing of the Micro-sprinkling hoses lead to more irrigation time,and under the effect of evaporation and wind,all of these results in soil water storage reduced.(4)The yield and its components of winter wheat was significantly different with diverse soil moisture.Through adding irrigation amount,could significantly increase the yield index of winter wheat and achieve the purpose of increasing production.However,with the increase of irrigation amount,the addition of the yield and its components of winter wheat was obviously reduced,which showed irrigation amount was not the more the better.The maximum grain filling rate was significantly decreased by the drought stress,and the maximum grain filling rate was significantly prolonged.The irrigation period significantly prolonged the growth period of winter wheat and delayed the emergence time of the maximum grain filling rate.The average grain filling rate of winter wheat was significantly increased,which was beneficial to the winter wheat filling.The water use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation amount,but the change of harvest index under different treatments was not obvious,which indicating that winter wheat itself can regulate the production and harvest index in dry condition.