Influence Of Straw Film Mulching On Soil Environment And Crop Growth And Development

Straw fiber film mulching is a non-polluting with the role of soil fertile environment-friendly biodegradable film.At present,there is no systematic study on the changes of soil nutrients and crop growth and development under the straw fiber film mulching.In order to study the effect of film mulching straw fiber base on changes of soil nutrient and crop cultivation performance,the test field test and indoor analysis methods combined with the coverage of the straw fiber film mulching of plastic mulch and bare soil under control treatment on soil ecosystem and crop growth and development effects were studied.The results show that:(1)Straw fiber film mulching can effectively increase the soil temperature,the warming effect is more gentle,and the warming effect is lower than that of plastic film mulching.At different growth stages,the soil moisture content of straw fiber film mulching was significantly higher than that of bare land,(2)The soil organic matter and soil available nutrient content of straw fiber film mulching treatment were all decreased,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.After muskmelon and rice harvest,the soil organic matter content of straw fiber film mulching decreased 2.7%~3.6% and 18.3%~18.9% respectively,which in muskmelon and rice reproductive growth stage,the reduced amplitude of straw fiber base film mulching treatment of soil organic matter content decreased were the minimum,and muskmelon harvest period the soil organic matter content of straw fiber film mulching is increased slightly than that of the last time.To muskmelon and rice harvest,ammonia nitrogen content of soil reduced 25.07~26.95 mg/kg and 32.41~32.49 mg/kg,available phosphorus content of soil decreased 10.78~11.03 mg/kg and 30.91 ~32.58 mg/kg,the content of available potassium in soil were decreased 43.25~45.5 mg/kg and 58.33~63 mg/kg.(3)Straw fiber film mulching can reduce soil p H value,improve soil structure,reduce soil bulk density,increase soil porosity,make the soil porous.(4)Straw fiber film mulching has a significant inhibitory effect on the weeds.In the experim ent of the mulching cultivation of muskmelon,green pepper and corn three crops,Compared with plastic film mulching and bare soil,the weed amount of the treatment of straw fiber film mulching was less than 63%~66.46% and 83.22~84.79% 、 73.77% and 89.14% 、 70.03% and 92.41%,effectively inhibit the growth of weeds.Straw fiber film mulching can promote crop growth and yield.The plant height,stem diameter,root dry weight and dry matter accumulation were significantly higher than that of bare soil,and there was no significant differencewith plastic film mulching.Crop yield was significantly increased under the mulch of straw fiber substrate.The use of muskmelon straw fiber membrane covering the base than bare land increased by 11.92%~16.64%,reached significant level,low yield ratio of covering plastic film,but the difference was not significant;straw fiber base membrane covering the green pepper yield was 49.83% higher than that of the bare land,reached extremely significant level,coverage is slightly lower than the plastic film,but the difference was not significant;straw fiber base film covering maize than bare land increased by 40.54%,and the ratio of plastic mulch is 1.5%;mulching rice straw fiber base,10.31%~26.92% higher than that of bare soil,and the ratio of plastic mulch is higher 6.74%~22.81%.(5)Straw fiber film mulching in muskmelon fruit soluble protein,vitamin C and soluble solids were respectively compared with the bare land CK increased by 53.32%,39.14%,21.28%,vitamin C and soluble solids content were higher than that of plastic film mulching treatment.The hardness of the rice straw mulch film was significantly decreased and the adhesion was significantly increased,and there was no significant difference with the plastic film mulching treatment.