Effects Of Different Levels Of Phosphorus Fertilization On Growth And Soil Environment Dynamics Of Camellia Oleifera Abel

Camellia oleifera Abel?s another name is tea oil tree,is the unique woody edible species in the south of China.Fertilization is an important means for the management of C.oleifera Abel?s woodland in the south of China,but phosphorus is an indispensable macroelement in C.oleifera Abel trees.In order to explore the effect of applying different amount of phosphorus fertilizer to the growth of C.oleifera Abel and soil environment,to determine the optimum amount of phosphate fertilizer applied to the growth of C.oleifera Abel,it laid a foundation for accelerating the production of C.oleifera Abel?s woodland.In this experiment,we used the single factor randomized block design of experiment,through soil testing experiment,set the best dosage of nitrogen 69 g.year-1.plant-1 and the best dosage of potassium 99.57 g·year-1·plant-1.We set the amount of applying phosphorus every year was 0,300,600,900,1200 g.According to the five gradients,we set the processing number with P0,P1,P2,P3,P4 successively,and five treatments were set up to study the influence of the different dosage of phosphate fertilizer on vegetative growth and soil environment along with the time of the change trend and the correlation.The main research results are as follows:(1)For the growth of C.oleifera Abel trees,with the increase of the amount of phosphorus application,the plant height,ground diameter,the crown product increased first and then decreased.At the level of P3 phosphorus levels(the amount of phosphorus application is 900g)respectively reached a maximum of 29.78%,23.23% and 33.61%.(2)For the growth of C.oleifera Abel leaves,under certain phosphorus amount,with the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer.C.oleifera Abel leaf SPAD value and leaf area increases with the amount of phosphate fertilizer,applying too much phosphate fertilization decreased,in P3 phosphorus levels(the amount of phosphorus application is 900 g)respectively reached a maximum of 80.57 and 22.06 cm2.(3)For the leaf nutrient content of C.oleifera Abel,with an appropriate amount of phosphorus increased,can increase C.oleifera Abel leaves total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content,excessive application of phosphorus is not conducive to the content of the leaf nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,when phosphorus in P3 level respectively reached a maximum of 13.89 g.kg-1,1.71 g.kg-1and 4.19 g · kg-1.(4)For the seasonal dynamic content of soil nutrient,the available phosphorus content of C.oleifera Abel woodland,and the relationship between the content of phosphorus in every seasons show the same law,increased with the increase of the amount of phosphorus apply,and reached the maximum when the amount of phosphorus was 1200 g·plant-1.While the content of alkali nitrogen in the soil is the opposite side.In every season caused the soil alkaline nitrogen content decreased,and in this phosphorus level reached the minimum With the amount of phosphorus increasing,the soil available potassium content decreased;C.oleifera Abel woodland soil in every season,soil organic matter content increased with the increase in the amount of phosphorus in the range of 0 ~ 900 g·year-1·plant-1,when the amount of phosphorus fertilizer is more than 900 g,the soil organic matter content decreased.(5)For the soil enzyme activity,with the increase of phosphorus application,soil phosphatase,catalase and sucrase activity increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum at P3 phosphorus levels.But the soil urease activity in every season of C.oleifera Abel woodland decreased with the increase of phosphorus application,and reached the minimum at the level of P4.(6)For the microbial quantity,with the increase of phosphorus application,soil bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes,the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria quantity and the total amount of microorganisms in every season of C.oleifera Abel woodland increased first and then decreased.Reach the maximum at the P3 level(the amount of phosphorus application is 900g)to,the amount of phosphorus fertilizer is more than 900 g,the soil bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes,the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria quantity and the total amount of microorganisms decreased.(7)Through the correlation analysis,we know that there were significant correlations between the growth index of the growth of C.oleifera Abel trees and the leaf index,woodland soil nutrient index,enzyme activity index and microbial quantity index,which indicated that the application of phosphate fertilizer can significantly enhance the soil nutrient,enzyme activity and soil microbial quantity,then promote the growth of C.oleifera Abel and the accumulation of C.oleifera Abel plant nutrient.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that P3 phosphorus level is the most appropriate fertilization treatment of young C.oleifera Abel plants.