| Oil-tea(Camellia oleifera Abel) is one of four woody edible oil species in the word, the whole body of oil-tea is treasure, and also has a high comprehensive nutritional value, the demand of domestic market is very prosperous, and the value of development and utilization is high. Oil-tea is superior in edible oil, and is excellent industrial raw materials, but its cultivation and nutrient management level remains to be improved.Therefore, high yield and high efficiency planting technology is necessary. In this study, the 3-4 years and 7-8 years high-yielding clones in oil-tea was taken as the research object, and it was on the basis of oil tea formula fertilization theory, designed the total nutrient of oil tea and had the control test; through the investigation of oil-tea tree height, ground diameter, spring shoot growth, N, P, K nutrient content of leaves, and fruit yield and quality, to explore the fertilization effects on the growth of oil-tea and strong, in order to provide scientific basis for oil-tea high-yield management.Research findings are as follows:(1) Effects on tree growth was significantly through formula fertilization by soil testing and varied with the age and different regions of high yield clones of oil-tea on nutrient demand rules. For the 3-4 years oil-tea, compared with CK, after applying formula fertilizer for oil-tea in Fengcheng, the tree height, crown width and diameter were increased by 47%,31% and 47% respectively. Chlorophyll content, length of spring shoots, diameter of spring shoots and leaf area were increased obviously, respectively increased by 9.09%,38.62%,15.85% and 19.59% than the control in 2011; and respectively increased by 15.64%,36%,13.95% and 42.39% than the control in 2012; And for oil-tea in Yushan, the tree height, diameter, crown width, length of spring shoots, diameter of spring shoots, leaf area and chlorophyll content were increased obviously. For having entered into the fruiting period of 7-8 years of oil tea, after formula fertilizer application for oil-tea in Jiujiang and Yongfeng, the nutrition index tree was also improved obviously. Effects of fertilizer on nutrient indexes of four and different ages oil tea was different. The extent of absorption of nutrient in the soil was different in four bases, effect of formula fertilizer on nutrient indicators the 7-8 years oil tea-oil tea was more obvious than 3-4 years oil-tea. But its efficiency was more significantly than the control area.(2) Effects of formula fertilization on the leaf of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content was significant. For the 3-4 years oil-tea oil tea, After applying formula fertilizer for oil tea in Fengcheng and Yushan, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the leaves of oil tea has improved significantly;and for oil tea in Jiujiang and Yongfeng, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves has also improved obviously. High-yielding clones of different ages and in different regions of oil tea is different in nutrient demand law,3-4 years oil-tea mainly in the growth period of plant, Fertilization on the leaf of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium efficiency ratio is more significantly than has entered into the fruiting period of age of oil tea, but the leaf nutrient content after application of formula fertilization has increased more significantly than the control area.(3) The impact of formula fertilization on the average yield of fruit per plant oil tea was significant. For the 3-4 years oil-tea, After applying formula fertilizer for oil tea in Fengcheng and Yushan. The per plant yield of oil tea was increased by 34.28% and 64.39% than the control, and for the 7-8 years oil tea-oil tea in Jiujiang and Xinyu, during 2011-2012, the per plant yield of oil tea was increased by 73.37% and 73.85% than the control in Jiujiang, while that was increased by 73.37% and 73.85% than the control in Xinyu. The yield of the fruiting of 7-8 years oil tea was increased more obviously than 3-4 years oil tea after Formula Fertilization.(4) The determination on oil tea fruit quality of four experimental bases showed that, regardless of 3-4 years oil-tea oil tea or 7-8 years oil tea-oil tea, after applying formula fertilizer, the fresh seed weight, dry the seed rate and dry kernel rate had no significant effect, but for oil yield seeds and fresh fruit oil yield had significant effect, In 2011 and 2012, oil yield seeds of 3-4 years oil tea were respectively increased by 16.85% and 11.63% than the control in Fengcheng, while that were increased by 13.04% and 21.89% in Yushan, in 2011 and 2012, fresh fruit oil yield of fertilizer treatment in Fengcheng was 7.59% and 8.87%, was respectively increased by 54.26% and 25.81% than the control. While in Yushan, fresh fruit oil yield of fertilizer treatment was 8.54%, was increased by 30.78% than the control in 2011 and 44.54% in 2012. In 2011, oil yield seeds of 7-8 years oil tea of fertilizer was 63.97% in Jiujiang and was 56.73% in Xinyu, was respectively increased by 47.43% and 33.45% than the control. While in 2012, oil yield seeds was 60.65% in Jiujiang and 58.73% in Xinyu, was respectively increased by 39.49% and 34.51% than the control. The difference of oil yield seeds was significant between fertilizer and the control in 2011 and was extremely significant in 2012. In Jiujiang, fresh fruit oil yield of fertilizer treatment was 10.13% in 2011, and was respectively increased by 31.39% and 40.68% than the control in 2011 and 2012. In Xinyu, fresh fruit oil yield of fertilizer treatment was 11.83% in 2011, and was respectively increased by 31.39% and 40.68% than the control in 2011 and 2012. In 2012, the difference of fresh fruit oil yield between fertilizer and the control was significant in Jiujiang and that was extremely significant in Xinyu. |
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