| With the increase of labor cost in China and the demand of time and labor,bee pollination has replaced artificial pollination as the preferred cultivation method for various facilities in production.In this experiment,the "Bei Tian No.1"melon was used as the material,the influence of different fruit setting methods(artificial pollination,bee pollination and CPPU treatment)on pollination and fertilization and the difference of early fruit development in different weather,as well as the effects of different fruit setting methods on the enlargement and quality of melon were analyzed.The results of the study are as follows:1.In pollination and fertilization,weather of fruit setting affects stigma pollen number and germination rate.At the same time,0.5 h,the number of pollens on the stigma was the most on sunny days by bee pollination.With the longer fruit setting time,the number of pollens on the stigmas of bee pollination increased on rainy days,the number of pollen increases is reduced by bee pollination and the pollen germination rate is the highest on sunny days,the germination rate of pollen on rainy days is lower than that on sunny day.The weather affects the extension speed of pollen tube and the time of double fertilization.On sunny days,the pollen tube has reached the bottom of the stigma at 2h,then completed the double fertilization at 24h,which in rain day was delayed.The probability that zygote was observed in the embryo sac by bee pollination at 48h on sunny day was highest.2.In fruit enlargement,weather of fruit setting had effect on the fruit early enlargement.The fruit enlargement was the fastest on sunny days with CPPU treatment.There was no significant difference between artificial pollination and bee pollination in the same weather.There were no significant effect on fruit transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and single fruit weight expansion on 8d.During fruit development,the longitudinal diameter enlargement preceded the transverse diameter.CPPU treatment expanded rapidly in the early and middle stages of fruit development,and reached a stable growth firstly.Fruit setting 0-15d,fruit type index decreased,and CPPU treatment had lower fruit index.In the aspect of cell expansion,the cells in the early fruit development(0-8d)were small and arranged closely,and the cells treated with CPPU were significantly smaller than that of artificial pollination.The cell size at the transverse and vertical sections increased rapidly in 8-19d,and the cell size changed little after that.CPPU treatment of transverse section cells was significantly less than artificial pollination.Cell size increased rapidly in 8-19d,and the cell size changed little after that.3.In fruit quality,the content of soluble sugar gradually increased,at fruit sitting 45d,bee pollination treatment was significantly higher than the other two treatments;in 19-30d,the soluble solids in the inner circle increased greatly and the edge soluble solids increased slowly;the content of titfatable acidity in 45d,CPPU treatment was significantly greater than that of the other two treatments,and the content of VC by bee pollination was significantly higher than that of CPPU treatment,and the content of soluble protein was significantly greater than that of the other two treatments.The accumulation of sucrose is positively related to the activity of SPS,Fruit setting 0-19d,SPS activity and sucrose content were all low,and then increased rapidly.4.In terms of fruit traits,the flesh thickness by CPPU treatment was significantly thicker than that by bee pollination,and melon cavity was significantly less than that by the other two treatments,with the lowest commodity rate.The Pericarp thickness of melon by artificial pollinated was significantly less than that of bee pollination and CPPU fruit setting.In the three treatments,the number of seeds by bee pollination was the most,seeds is fullest and the lowest grain loss rate.To sum up,bees can pollinate the facilities melon and have higher fruit quality. |
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