Study On Germplasm Resources Of Wild Scutellaria Baicalensis Of 61 Distribution Area From Shanxi

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a perennial herbaceous plants,which is widely used in our country.It is the authentic medicinal herbs in Shanxi Province.Which have a widely distribute in Shanxi Province.S.baicalensis use the root to be medicine.The medicinal has a long history and a large dosage,wide range of uses,its pharmaceutical has been developed from wild medicinal materials for many years.With the rapid increase in demand and the rising prices,greatly stimulated with the abuse of wild mining to dig.Over-exploitation makes the wild resources less,the large number use lead wild resources has been seriously damaged,the wild resources is in danger of drying up,the remaining wild resources are mostly in traffic inconvenience,poor conditions,sparsely populated,the areas where is difficult to dig.it is difficult to see a large area of the community.Now the lack of wild resources can't meet the requirements of medical,and the medicinal market is hard to see the real authentic wild S.baicalensis.Artificial S.baicalensis gradually replaced the wild resources,the medicinal mostly rely on the artificial cultivation.Due to the lack of basic research,good germplasm has not been fully excavated and used.There has not formed the S.baicalensis which have the characteristics of suitable for all local climatic conditions and have its own cultivated varieties.On this study,the wild S.baicalensis,which was widely distributed in Shanxi Province,was used as the research object.The distribution of wild S.baicalensis germplasm resources in 61 different areas was investigated.The growth environment characteristics and community characteristics of wild S.baicalensis in different areas were observed and compared.Applying the response surface method optimization,improved the extraction of chlorophyll content of wild S.baicalensis from different areas of Shanxi,and compare the chlorophyll content of wild S.baicalensis in leaves.Analysis and comparison of the flavonoids content in the different habitats of wild radix scutellariae leaf.The results of this study provide the scientific basis for the breeding,protection and comprehensive utilization of wild baicalin resources in Shanxi.The results show that:?Wild S.baicalensis in Shanxi Province have 11 cities are distributed.The distribution range is N34°46'19.78''~N40o24'17.71'',E110°32'55.13'' ~ E114o13'13.41'';the main distribution area is the semi-arid and semi-humid areas of the temperate continental monsoon climate zone;The distribution of vertical height is at the altitude of 705~1683 m,which is the most concentrated in the range of 1000~1400 m;the average annual temperature of the distribution area is 6.8~14 ?,the annual precipitation is 400~800 mm,and at the area which the annual average temperature is 7~10 ?,the average annual precipitation of 400~600 mm is the most densely distributed.?Shanxi wild S.baicalensis is mostly distributed in the gravel and gravel soil of the semi-sunny side of the hillside.Associated plants mainly Rosa xanthina Lindl,wormwood,Chenopodium aristatum L.,Bupleurum chinense,Taraxacum mongolicum and shrubs,producing area different,around the advantage of associated plant species are also different.? The distribution density of wild S.baicalensis in Shanxi is affected by natural environmental conditions,and human factors also cause great influence.In the Yuncheng and the Linfen area,due to excessive excavation the distribution density of wild S.baicalensis is relatively small in some areas.In the central and its surroundings,the wild resources are well preserved and the distribution density is large.In the area of the Datong,wild resources are less affected by human factors,but because of the relatively poor growth environment,wild S.baicalensis is widely distributed but the density is small.?The leaf length of 47 species of wild S.baicalensis is 12.9~38.5 mm,the leaf width is 3.2~7.5 mm,the leaf ratio is 3.2~5.7,the plant height is 159~636 mm,the stem diameter is 1.4~3.1 mm,the pitch is 15.6~62.9 mm and the leaf spacing is 4.8 ~ 22.7 mm.(1)The distribution of S.baicalensis is the highest in the Changzhi city Pingshun county Shicheng town Shicheng village;the Qingyang town Daqu village distribution of S.baicalensis stems are the most crude;Yuncheng City Jiangxian Town,the site of the distribution of S.baicalensis leaves are the largest spacing.The spacing of the S.baicalensis Festival,the leaf width and the leaf spacing are the smallest in the southern suburb of Datong City Yungang Town Qingciyao village,and the cliffs in the southern suburbs of Datong City are the minimal.The distribution of S.baicalensis is the minimal in the same county.(2)The distribution of S.baicalensis in the Yuncheng area and the Changzhi area in the south of Shanxi Province is relatively tall.The plants of S.baicalensis in the Datong area and Shuozhou area in northern of Shanxi are relatively short and the leaves and the pitch are small.? The optimum conditions for chlorophyll extraction are as follows:liquid ratio96.97:1(m L·g-1),solvent ratio 1:0.96,ultrasonic time 48.58 min,ultrasonic temperature49.10 ?.The content of chlorophyll is also different,among which S.baicalensis produced in the southern of Shanxi is generally higher than that of S.baicalensis.?The content of total flavonoids in wild S.baicalensis is 0.65% ~ 1.38%,mostly about 1%.The content of total flavonoids in S.baicalensis is the highest in the wild Scutellaria baicalensis in the Shuozhou City Ping Lu District Wulong Cave area,the wild S.Baicalensis of Yunchen city Pinglu County Caochuan Town is the lowest just0.65%.The contents of total flavonoids in S.Baicalensis which in the Shuozhou city are higher than those in the Yuncheng and Linfen areas.The content of central area is moderate.Leaf total flavonoids content of the top six origin: Shuozhou City Ping Lu District Wulong Cave area> Shuozhou City Shanyin County Yujing Town Zhiniquan village>Shuozhou City Ping Lu District Xiashuitou Town Dasungou Village>Shuozhou City Shuo Cheng District South Yulin Town Dalianhua Village=Jinzhong City Pingyao County Mengshan Town Nanzhuang Village>Jinzhong City Qixian Laiyuan Town Dongtuan Village.