Effects Of Photoperiod And Temperature Interaction On Population Of Two Color Morphs Of Acyrthosiphon Pisum

Pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Harris)(Hemiptera: aphidiae),including red and green morph,is a destructive agricultural pest of a wide range of leguminous crops and forage grass.Researches showed that the green morph of pea aphids was widespread in our country,but the red morph only had been discovered.In the western areas and the population of red morph have strong reproductive capacity,especially red morph of pea aphid had increased obviously in recent years.To understand clearly the effects of interaction on light time and temperature of two color morphs,this paper had made the design with the response surface Central Composite Design of experimental(Central Composite Design CCD)method(number of factor:photoperiod,temperature)was studied red and green pea aphid growth and life parameters changes.The main results were as follows:1.Effect of photoperiod and temperature of different instars of red color morphs and green color morphs of pea aphid.Through this experiment,light and temperature had a significant effect of the growth of pea aphid.In different temperature zones,the instars had different changes.With the response surface design analyzed,the experiment results showed that the aphid instars of red morphs in 21?and 16 L: 8D was growth best,and aphid instars was about 8.64d;The aphid instars of green morphs in 18 ? and 20L: 4D was growth best,and the aphid instars was about 9.68 d.What's more,the photoperiod was more effect of green morphs than the red.2.Effect of photoperiod and temperature of adult mean longevity of red color morphs and green color morphs of pea aphid.The test results showed that the different photoperiod and temperature had a significant influence of the two kinds of color pea aphid.When the temperature was22.5?,the longevity of red and green color morphs was longest.With low temperature conditions(12?,15?),the longevity of red and green color morphs was longer of the temperature was 30?.The experiment showed that when the test conditions was 30?and 16 L,the pea aphid in the early stage of the aphid had54.19% were death,so they did not complete its reproduction,and the green pea aphid in aphid period only 58.33% were death.With the experimental conditions was 30?and 22 L,the red pea aphid only survive 1.25 d,their death rate was 63%,At higher temperature(30?),the longevity of red and green pea aphid was longest of photoperiod was 16L:8D,and shorter of when the illumination time was 22 hours.And with the condition of high temperature,the longevity of green pea aphid longer than red.Different color pea aphid's longevity of temperature and photoperiod conditions were responded different,red aphid's longevity in 20.5?,19L: 5D was maxmium,the number was 20.71 d;Green aphid's longevity in 19.5 ?,19L: 5D was maxmium,the number was 27.23 d.3.Effect of photoperiod and temperature of adult fecundity of red color morphs and green color morphs of pea aphid.The reproductive of two color pea aphids were biggest when the temperature was22.5?.The fecundity of red pea aphid were greater than the green when the temperature was lower.When the temperature was 30?,the fecundity of green pea aphid were greater than the red type.What's more,the fecundity of red morph in22.5 ?,19 L was highest,the number was 80.39/ ?.Green morph at 24.5 ?,19.5L: 4.5D was highest,the number was 106.95/?.4.Effect of different temperature and photoperiod on the population table parameters of two color pea aphid.With the photoperiod was 19L: 5D: the temperature was 22.5 ?,the Net reproductive rate(R0)of red and green pea was maximum,and lowest at 12 ?.The Mean generation time(T)was highest on the temperature was 12?,and the green pea aphid average generation time was greater than the red.The same order of the red and green morphs' intrinsic rate of increase(rm)and finite rate of increase(?): 22.5?was highest,followed by 12?.The population doubling time(Dt)of two color pea aphid was longest on 12?.With the temperature of 22.5?: the R0 of two kinds of color aphid was minimum in photoperiod 23L: 1D.With the three photoperiods,the rm of red morph was lower green.What's more,the red morph was highest in photoperiod 19L: 5D and the green morph was highest in photoperiod 23L: 1D.Thefinite rate of increase(?)of different photoperiod on two color pea aphid was23L>19L>15L.