Identification Of Fusarium Species On Roots Of Vegetables And The Discovery Of New Diseases In China

Fusarium wilt of vegetables is soil-borne disease,which causes a terrible harvest lose in production and subsequently bring huge economic losses for farmers.Therefore,the identification of pathogenic Fusarium species on infected vegetables has an important theoretical significance and application value.The situation,that the occurrence of Fusarium wilt on vegetables is so severe,but the pathogen Fusarium spp.is ambiguous in productive practice,is caused by its wide distribution of Fusarium fungi and the difficulty in identifying pathogen Fusarium spp.In this study,diseased vegetables were investigated and collected from main vegetable growing regions all over China,and the Fusarium spp.were identified ultimately based on morphological characteristics,pathogenicity test and molecular analysis.The main results were as follows:1.Identify the Fusarium spp.on vegetables and the distribution of pathogenic in China.A total of 279 samples were collected through the investigation of diseases from 16 provinces 45 regions in China,such as Beijing,Henan,Tianjin,Sichuan,Gansu,Hebei,Shandong,Yunnan and so on.Host on vegetables include 12 families 39 kinds of vegetables,such as Umbelliferae,Cruciferae,Cucurbitaceae,Asteraceae,Leguminosae,Liliaceae,Malvaceae,Zingiberaceae and so on.There were also some hosts belonging to flowers and fruits,such as peony,lavender,grapes,citrus,cherryand so on.A total of 256 strains of Fusarium spp.were obtained and 10 Fusarium species were identified on vegetables,including F.acuminatum Ellis & Everh.,F.avenaceum Fr.,F.commune K.Skovg.,O'Donnell & Nirenberg,F.equiseti(Corda)Sacc.,F.oxysporum Schltdl.,F.proliferatum(Matsush.)Nirenbergex Gerlach & Nirenberg,F.solani(Mart.)Sacc.,F.incarnatum(Desm.)Sacc.,F.tabacinum(JFH Beyma)W.Gams and F.tricinctum(Corda)Sacc.The symptoms of diseases and pathogen of vegetable wilt were described detailly in this study.2.Seven new recorded host diseases were discovered in China.Four new recorded host diseases in the world.Cauliflower wilt caused by F.equiseti,cauliflower root rot caused by F.solani,Cauliflower wilt caused by F.proliferatum,cabbage root rot caused by F.tabacinum.Three new recorded host diseases in China,include: eggplant root rot caused by F.solani,mung bean sprout anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and muskmelon crown canker caused by Myrothecium roridum.There were 2 diseases caused by Colletotrichum sp.and Myrothecium sp.,respectively.It was recorded in this paper for reference because of the severity of the diseases in production.3.Identify the Fusarium spp.on Cruciferous and Asteraceae vegetables preliminary.A total of 54 Fusarium isolates were obtained from samples which were collected from 9 provinces.The Cruciferous vegetables include Chinese cabbage,Chinese heading cabbage(baby cabbage),Chinese leafspread cabbage(fast cabbage),common head cabbage,purple pakchoi,broccoli and Chinese radish.Five Fusarium species were identified,including F.avenaceum,F.commune,F.equiseti,F.oxysporum and F.solani.Asteraceae vegetables includes stem lettuce(asparagus lettuce)and iceberg lettuce(lettuce),four species were identified,namely,F.equiseti,F.oxysporum,F.proliferatum and F.tricinctum.In this study,pathogens of Fusarium on Cruciferous and Asteraceae vegetables were identified,filling up the blank of pathogenic Fusarium spp.on Cruciferous and Asteraceae.The Fusarium species and regional distribution on vegetables were determined and the species of Fusarium genus on Cruciferous and Asteraceae were defined preliminary in this paper through the investigation and research on the vegetables Fusarium wilt in China.These results provide scientific reference for the identification,disease control and research in other related fields.