| Protein and amino acid nutrition play a vital role in the growth,development and production of bees.For example,the queen bee spawn and the worker bee production need to consume a large amount of protein and amino acids.When the natural resources are abundant,bees can get natural protein and amino acid feeds from the outside world by collecting activities.However,in order to maintain the needs of the normal growth,development and production of bees,it is necessary to feed the bees with protein and amino acid feed in order to maintain the needs of the normal growth,development and production of bees when the outside world lacks pollen.The nutritional requirement of bee amino acids is not very deep,including the demand and proportion of various amino acids.Lysine is one of the essential amino acids for the growth and development of bees(De Groot et al.,1953).The study on the nutritional function and demand of honeybee lysine is an important content of the research of honeybee nutrition.In this study,Italy honeybee was used as the research object to feed the larva and outgoing worker in the indoor artificial diet with different levels of lysine,to explore the growth and life of lysine bee larvae,and to provide reference for the study of the lysine nutrition needs of the bees.It is divided into the following two tests:Experiment 1: suitable lysine supplementation level in Italy honeybee larva diet.1200 1day old Italy honeybee wasps were randomly selected from the bee field,which were randomly divided into 5 groups,with 5 repetitions in each group and 48 of each repeat,of which 1 groups were fed with basal diet and lysine level was 6.08 mg/g as the control group;the remaining 4 groups were fed with lysine levels of 11.08,16.08,21.08,26.08 mg/g,respectively.As a test group,placed in the 48 hole culture plate,raised to the larva and emerged from the ovary.The pupation rate of 6 day old larvae was measured;the level of free lysine,triglycerides and lysozyme,the level of the insect body protein,the gene of the insect body lysozyme and the expression of the defensin 1 gene were measured for the 6 day old larva,and the number of the emergence rate was calculated by the observation of the number of honeybees.The statistical analysis showed that: 1)when the level of lysine in the diet was11.08 mg/g,the pupation rate of the larvae was 97% and the emergence rate was 65%,whichwas significantly higher than the pupation rate and the emergence rate(P<0.01)of the larvae of the other experimental groups.2)when the level of lysine was 11.08-26.08mg/g in the diet,the content of the 6 day old larvae and the content of free lysine in the blood of Bazhong increased gradually with the increase of lysine level in the diet,which was significantly different from the control group(P<0.05).3)when the level of lysine was 11.08-21.08mg/g in the diet,the lysozyme activity in the hemolymph of the larvae increased gradually with the increase of dietary lysine level,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);4)when the dietary lysine level was 11.08mg/g,the expression of the lysozyme gene of the larvae of 6 day age larvae was the highest(P<0.05);compared with the control group,the lysozyme gene was higher than that of the control group.When the level of grain lysine was 11.08-16.08mg/g lysine,the expression of the 6 day old larval body defensin I gene increased significantly(P<0.05).The above index indicated that lysine affects the immune ability of the bee larvae.5)the data processing analysis and fitting curve of the pupation rate and the emergence rate of the larvae showed that the suitable lysine addition level of the Italy bee worker bee larvae was 8.89-10.10 mg/g.Experiment two: Study on the suitable level of lysine in the diet of Italy bee colony worker bees.A random selection of 2500 Italy bees worker bees at 1 days of age was randomly divided into 5 groups,with 5 repetitions and 100 repetitions in each group;1 groups were fed basic diets and lysine levels were 0.00mg/g as the control group;the other 4 groups were fed with lysine levels of 4 artificial diets for the level of lysine,10mg/g,15mg/g and20mg/g,respectively.As a test group,kept in a bee box for 6 days.The results were as follows:6 days old adult bee survival rate,6 day age adult bee protein concentration,6 day old bee lysine deposition,6 day old adult bee triglyceride concentration,6 day old bee lysozyme gene expression,6 day old bee defensin I gene expression.The statistical analysis showed that: 1)when the level of lysine was 20mg/g in the diet,the survival rate of 6 days old adult wasps was significantly lower than that of other lysine levels(P<0.05);2)when the level of lysine was 15mg/g in the diet,the concentration of 6 days old adult bee protein and lysine deposition reached the highest value,compared with the control group,the difference was significant(3).3)When the level of lysine was 10mg/g in grain,the expression of 6 day old wasp I gene expression reached the highest value,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);4)when the level of lysine was 5mg/g in the diet,the expression of the 6 day old wasp lysozyme gene expression reached the highest value,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(P< 0.05).5)analysis and fitting curve with the survival rate of worker bee and the concentration of bee protein,which showed that the suitable lysine level of Italy bee's bee feeding was 6.33-15.31 mg/g.The results showed that different lysine levels in the diet could affect the growth,life and immune performance of Italy bee larvae and adult bees.The suitable lysine level in the diet of Italy bee larvae was 8.89-10.10 mg/g,and the suitable lysine level in the adult bee feeding diet of Italy bee was 6.33-15.31 mg /g. |
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