Optimal Level Of Selenium In Diet Of Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.)

Selenium is considered to play an important role in insect physiology, selenium element can improve the antioxidant capacity of the body, maintain the normal structure of the membrane performance, enhance the body's immune function to promote animal growth and development, etc.Italian bees are the most widely international breeding bees western subspecies(Apis mellifera L.), at present, the selenium nutrition effect study of Italian bee is less, this study local A. mellifera worker bee larvae and adult bees as the research object, the feeding of adding different levels of sodium selenite artificial fodder, explore the influence of selenium on bees physiological function, to the mineral nutrients for the bees need to study and formulate the bees provide theoretical basis for the breed standard.Exp.1 The impact of sodium selenite supplementation level in the food for Italy bee worker bee larvae.A total of 1440 one-day old larvae were randomly allotted into 2 batches,each batch involve 720 larvae, one of the batch was used to measure the pupation rate and eclosion rate, the other was used to measure enzyme activity and molecular index. Two batches were all randomly divided into six groups, and the treatment groups were fed different diets with sodium selenite at the levels of 0.0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1mg·kg-1, respectively. Each group have five repetition which involve twenty-four larvae. Compared with control group,when the added levels of sodium selenite were 0.2 mg·kg-1-0.6 mg·kg-1,the T-AOC were significantly increased(P<0.05), when the added levels of sodium selenite were 0.2mg·kg-1-0.8 mg·kg-1,the activity of T-SOD were significantly increased(P<0.05)and the MDA content of all the treatment groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was 0.4 mg·kg-1, the activity of PO were significantly increased(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was 0.6 mg·kg-1, the gene expression levels of SelD?SerRs?Sbp1and Sbp2 were significantly higher than control in 5days larvae(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was 0.4 mg·kg-1,the weight before pupation was significantly higher than control(P<0.05). Compared with control group, when the added levels of sodium selenite were 0.2 mg·kg-1, the pupation rate weresignificantly increased(P<0.05). Under artificial condition, when the selenium level of basic diet was 0.21 mg·kg-1, the appropriate level of sodium selenite which added in the food of A.mellifera worker larvae was 0.24-0.33 mg·kg-1 by the fitting curve which involve the weight before pupation and the pupation rate, and it means that the appropriate level of selenium which added in the food of A. mellifera worker larvae was 0.32-0.36 mg·kg-1.Exp.2 Selenium artificial breeding conditions for Italy bee worker bee growth and physiological function. A total of 2450 one-day old worker bee randomly allotted into 2batches,one batch involve 1200 one-day old worker bee to measure the life span, the other was used to measure enzyme activity and molecular index. Two batches were all randomly divided into five groups, and the treatment groups were fed different diets with sodium selenite at the levels of0 mg·kg-1, 1 mg·kg-1,2 mg·kg-1,3 mg·kg-1,4mg·kg-1, respectively. Each group have five repetition which involve eighey worker bee.. Compared with control group,when the added levels of sodium selenite were 1-2 mg·kg-1, the T-AOC were significantly increased(P<0.05), when the added levels of sodium selenite were 1-3 mg·kg-1, the activity of T-SOD were significantly increased(P<0.05)and the MDA content of all the treatment groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was1 mg·kg-1,the activity of PO were significantly increased(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was 2 mg·kg-1, the gene expression levels of SelD?SerRs?Sbp1and Sbp2 were significantly higher than control in 5 days worker bee(P<0.05). When the added level of sodium selenite was 2 mg·kg-1, the life span was significantly higher than control(P<0.05).Under artificial condition, when the selenium level of basic diet was 0.56-0.63 mg·kg-1, the appropriate level of sodium selenite which added in the food of A. mellifera worker bee was0.56-0.63 mg·kg-1 by the fitting curve which involve the life span of worker bee and the antioxidant, and it means that the appropriate level of selenium which added in the food of A. mellifera worker bee was 0.56-0.63 mg·kg-1.