| Angelica sinensis is a perennial umbelliferae herbal medicinal plant using its dry root as medicine,which had complementary and other multiple functions.However,the traditional A.sinensis seedling was cultivated through excavating turf in high altitude around Min and Zhang Counties,resulted in serious de-terioration of the ecological environment.Therefore,to explore the cultivated soil resources suitable for nursing the medical plant seedlings becomes the only way to promote the sustainable development of the plant.Aiming at the above-mentioned problems,this study was based on culturing residues by oriented-cultivated crops such as Triticum aestivum,Astragalus membranaceus,Solanum tuberosum and Angelica sinensis in Min County and combined a pot and field experiment in order to study the effect of the different various residues on seedling nursing effect for the medical plant,so as to provide a scientific basis for exploring the stubble soil resources suitable for culturing the plant seedlings.The results are as follows:1.A pot experiment was adopted to study the allelopathic effect of various crop rhizosphere soils on the A.sinensis.The results showed that the wheat rhizosphere soil water extract showed promotion effect at low concentrations but inhibition at higher concentrations,while the other rhizosphere soil water extract all showed inhibitory effect;the sensitive spots of allelopathic effect existed in roots,for the water extract from the different crop rhizosphere soils inhibited the A.sinensis roots in diameter growth.However the allelopathic effect on the seedling roots elongation growth varies with the crops,among which the wheat rhizosphere soil showed promoted effect at low concentrations while the rest of the other three crop soils all showed inhibitory effect;the SOD and POD activities in A.sinensis seedlings showed the highest but the CAT activities showed relative low under the concentration of 0.2 g·mL-11 wheat rhizosphere soil water ex-tract,which were significantly higher than that of the Astragalus and the potato rhizosphere soils.When the soil concentration was up to 0.8 g·mL-1,the CAT activity showed relative high under the Astragalus and the potato rhizosphere soils.The A.sinensis seedlings exhibited highest CAT activity under the concentra-tion of 0.2 g·mL-11 A.sinensis rhizosphere soil water extract,suggesting that the seedlings has been affected by self-toxic substances under low concentration,while the low concentration of wheat rhizosphere soils could promote the Angelica seeds germination and the seedlings growth,building the biochemical basis for the Angelica seedlings resistance.2.The experiment of A.sinensis seedlings nursed in field found that the number and aboveground growth of the plant seedlings varied significantly with these crop stubbles.The seedlings cultured in the wheat and Astragalus residues showed more excellent growth indicators,strong roots and growth power resulting in excellent individual quality bur low root incidence rate and disease index,while the seedlings produced under the potato and A.sinensis residue were easily affected by the season,resulted in high dead rate with the growth elongation.The old and small seedlings occurred in the continuous cropping system and the potato residue,resulted in over 36.7%of the disease rate.According to the comprehensive index,the residues were ranked as Astragalus residue（0.7840）>wheat residue（0.7816）>A.sinensis residue（0.4731）>potato residue（0.1656）.The seedlings produced in the potato residue showed the highest dead rate and the seedlings under the A.sinensis continuous residue exhibited the highest incidence rate,sug-gesting that the main crops of wheat and Astragalus residues are suitable soil resources to cultivate the A.sinensis seedlings in Min County.3.The study on the physiological resistance of A.sinensis seedlings under various crop residues showed that the roots were maintaining Rct and content of MDA of A.sinensis seedlings at a low level un-der wheat residue and the protein stability of seedlings was highest under Astragalus residue,the SOD and POD activity in leaves and roots of seedlings were all at a relatively high level,and the CAT activity was low,the SOD and POD activities of seedlings under under potato and A.sinensis continuous residue were reduced significantly suggesting that the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation of seedlings was weaker under wheat and Astragalus residue and the SOD and POD were the key enzymes and play a protective role and complement and coordinate each other to improve the resistance of plant under the stress.But take potato and A.sinensis continuous residue for nursing seedlings were significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity and resistance of A.sinensis seedlings.4.The A.sinensis seedlings from different residues in Min County were tranplanted in Min and Weiyuan Counties respectively,the result showed that the plant height,plant width,leaf blades and stem diameter of plants continuously keeped at a relatively high level from wild land and the seedlings from wheat residue followed.Compared with wild land,the bolting ratio of A.sinensis plant under wheat and Astragalus residue were reduced by 35.86%,43.39%and incidence ratio were reduced by 47.50%,45.36%respectively and the individuals quality indicators of A.sinensis were good and the yield was highest under wheat residue.While the bolting ratio of A.sinensis plant under potato and A.sinensis residues were sig-nificantly reduced by 52.94%,47.36%（P<0.05）than wile land,however,the incidence ratio was high and resulted in over 37.22%,48.33%respectively and individuals quality indicators of A.sinensis were poor.The production dropped sharply under A.sinensis residue because of the low re-greening ratio and high mortality ratio of plant.The experiment of Weiyuan County showed that the plant height,plant width,leaf blades and stem diameter of A.sinensis were continuously keeped a relatively high level under wheat resi-due and the seedlings from Astragalus residue followed.The bolting ratio of A.sinensis plant were reduced by 63.65%,58.98%（P<0.05）significantly,the surviving ratio were increased 108.94%,65.48%,the inci-dence ratio were reduced by 17.27%,22.05%and the yield were increased 451.90%,236.78%respectively under wheat and Astragalus residues.However,the bolting ratio and incidence ratio were all at higher level under potato residue,A.sinensis residue and wild land lead to individual quality indicators of A.sinensis were poor and lower yield.5.The A.sinensis seedlings from different residues in Min County were tranplanted in Min and Weiyuan Counties,by identificated quality of formation medicine suggested that the active ingredients of A.sinensis from Min and Weiyuan Counties could reach the standards of People’s Republic of China Phar-macopoeia（one）.Compared with wild land,the content of ash and acid-insoluble ash were reduced and effectively increased the content of extract,volatile oil and ferulic acid.Through the further the index weight were calculated by principle component analysis and finally assessed yield and active ingredient indicators of A.sinensis by membership function method,according to the comprehensive index,the quali-ty of A.sinensis from Min County were ranked as Astragalus residue（0.8372）>wheat residue（0.7861）>Angelica residue（0.3235）>wild land（0.3074）>potato residue（0.2821）,while the quality of A.sinensis from Weiyuan County were ranked as Astragalus residue（0.8260）>wheat residue（0.7167）>potato resi-due（0.5031）>wild land（0.2360）>Angelica residue（0.2135）.Combined the yield and quality of A.sinen-sis medicines from different area,screening out the suitabled crop residues to cultivate the Angelica seedl-ings in Min County was Astragalus residue and wheat residue. |
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