| Premature bolting has been a chief obstructive factor in Angelica sinensis production for many years. Former research results mainly focus on influence of single factors, and showed not ideal effect in bolting inhibition in practice. Under the theory of floral induction and taking integrated factors into consideration, winter seedling raising on bolting inhibition, sun shade cultivation, humic acid fertilization and seeds soaking on plant growth and development were researched in this study. Main research results as:1. Premature bolting of Angelica sinensis could not be only obviously decreased, but also possibly be avoid by medium seedling raising in greenhouse in winter. Bolting percentage of Angelica sinensis in 7 treatments were lower than 1% include 1 treatment bolting percentage lowest was 0.14%, other 7 treatments were 1%～5% and 1 another treatment was 19.93% in designed total 15 treatments. No bolting happened in 40% of total 45 tested plots, and bolting percentage were lower than 5% in other 46.7% tested plots. Seedling stalk started producing in early of August, 70 days delayed compare to that of traditional raised seedlings which usually start in late of May; bolting peck date happened in middle of September, 100 days delayed compare to that of traditional raised seedlings which usually happen in early of June, and all bolting happened in autumn. So bolted plants that only stalks but no flowers produced were 100% in 6 treatments, over 50% in other 8 treatments, 38.9% in 1 another treatment. The sample test showed that ethanol extracts content of bolted plant root without flower was 45.93%, met requirement of China Pharmacopoeia. Seedling growth, seedling quality and plant growth, premature bolting percentage, root yield & quality of Angelica sinensis after transplanting were greatly influenced by sowing date, soil medium and seeds. Premature bolting percentage had been influenced remarkably by each one of these 3 factors and approached to utmost notable difference, the influence sequence was first sowing date, second seeds and last soil medium. The average fresh root weight was utmost notably influenced and ethanol extracts content was notably influenced by sowing date. Much higher average root weight and more first grade roots but lower ethanol extracts content came out in that of later sowing treatment. Integrative survey showed that December was best sowing date for medium seedling raising in winter. Seeds come from 3 years old mother plant lateral branches and without over matured should be selected. The average premature bolting percentage of Angelica sinensis was 5.68% for that use of premature bolted seeds, 1.29% for that of normal harvested lateral-branch-seeds produced within 1 year, 1.63% for that of lateral-branch-seeds produced over 1 year. Nutrient, air condition, easy for managing and lower input should be taken into consideration in manufacture of soil medium.2. Seedling growth, plant growth, premature bolting, yield and quality of Angelica sinensis were obviously influenced by sowing date in seedling bed raising in greenhouse in winter. Premature bolting date of Angelica sinensis were delayed 40～50 days by seedling bed raising in winter, and bolting percentage were significantly decreased to lower than 1.00% even no bolting. Yield and ethanol extracts were remarkably influenced by sowing date. Yield, dried biomass ratio and ethanol extracts content were detected highest in samples of sowed in November 28th. Bed raised seedlings without any root treatment had no leaf come out after transplanting, and rotted in soil during summer. Seedlings, which roots soaked in 100mg/kg of GA3 for 5h after dug out, new leaf produce were promoted, but premature bolting were not enhanced.3. Sun shade cultivation could effectively promote plant growth of Angelica sinensis, sun shade cultivation from May to July in growing prophase of Angelica sinensis showed that plant height increased 13.1～23.1cm. Premature bolting percentage of middle size seedlings decreased 5% and 5.5% respectively than 16% of CK when covered with 75% and 50% sun shade net. Sun shade cultivation could remarkably enhance root weight, yield and quality, average fresh root weight increased 26.49～37.35g, dried matter ratio increased 6.3%～7.5%, yield increased 1791～2445kg/hm2; Ditylenchus destructor infected plants percentage decreased 17.5%～33.19%, and ethanol extracts content increased 7.08%～10.02%. When covered with 50% sun shade net, month average air temperature in 8:00 decreased 0.8～1.5℃, in 14:00 decreased 1.4～1.7℃; 10 days average air temperature in 8:00 decreased 0～3.1℃, in 14:00 decreased 1.0～2.0℃. Month average soil temperature in 14:00 decreased 2.1～3.8℃; 10 days average soil temperature in 14:00 decreased 1.4～5.4℃. Drought resistance effect was also obvious, 10 days average air relative humidity increased 1%～7%, soil water content increased 1.8%～3.7% 3 days after flurry rain. Fresh root yield increased 3366～11538kg/hm2, enhanced 21.9%～75.0% compared to CK, and ethanol extracts content of roots also increased.4. Plants growth were promoted, leaves area enlarged, leaf area index enhanced, dried biomass accumulation and transfer to roots promoted, yield and ethanol extracts content increased effectively after using of 3 kinds humic acid fertilizers and 1 kind of amino acid liquid fertilizer in plant growing season of Angelica sinensis. Using of Shanxi-jinong, plant and root growth were promoted effectively, dried biomass accumulation and fresh root average weight were increased remarkably, yield increased 605kg/hm2, ethanol extracts increased 11.31%, integrative survey best. Using of Gansu-mengchong, plant and root growth were promoted quickly, leaves area enlarged and dried plant weight increased notably but effect short, ethanol extracts content increased 5.23%. Using of Yunnan-shengtai, more leaves were produced in later time, leaves area enlarged, yield increased 565kg/hm2, ethanol extracts content increased 3.09%. Using of Gansu-lvneng, fresh root average weight were increased remarkably, yield increased 588kg/hm2.5. Seed germination power and vitality of Angelica sinensis were mainly influenced by storage time after harvest, seed vitality of that produced within 1 year was higher than that of over 1 year. Seed vitality was also influenced by mother plant and branch position in some way. Seeds came from premature bolting plants had higher vitality than that from normal lateral branches. Temperature change, high temperature and dark were good for enhance seed germination life and vitality, lower temperature and light were not good for germination in more cases. Germination percentage of normal lateral branch seeds of Angelica sinensis were 78.7%～82.7% after storage in cold during summer in Lanzhou. Germination mildew percentage were decreased 4.0%～20.0% after soaked in 55℃warm water, also decreased in dark condition. The germination result showed that seeds soaked in cool water had highest germination life and vitality in each of 4 types seeds under different germination condition of light and temperature, average germination percentage were 50%～64%, germination power were 19%～31%, germinated seed-bud length were 47～59mm and weight were 10.9～42.5mg, germination index were 0.99～1.74, germination vitality index were 0.0109～0.0425. Soaking in 50℃warm water 10min and in 0.2% KMnO4 solution 1h were unfavorable for seeds bud grew more weight and longer, seed germination percentage, germination power, germination index and germination vitality index also decreased.
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