| Objective:At present, the damage of ionizing radiation on human body is more and more concerned by the society and people, and the rate of chromosome aberration and micronucleus cell rate is a simple and valuable genetic index to evaluate the effect of the radiation.This stuty to Shijiazhuang area of radiation workers in 2015, dose, peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome aberration and micronucleus cell number as the basic data, for the first time of Shijiazhuang area of radiation workers in chromosome aberration and micronucleus cell status were in-depth analysis, explore the radiation dose, gender, type of work and contact life factors of radiation workers peripheral blood cell chromosome aberration and micronucleus effect,which has an important significance to grasp the status of chromosome aberration and micronucleus of radiation workers in Shijiazhuang area, and to do a good job in occupational health monitoring, and to provide scientific basis for the relevant departments to make scientific decisions.Methods:1 Field investigation: selected the Shijiazhuang City 2666 radiation workers, by investigators using unified overall research, includeed a survey of basic situation, work, contact radiation type and age, smoking or not. In addition to select 240 of radiation exposure of 5 years no history as control group, and to carry on the questionnaire survey.2 Individual dose monitoring : Used the method of heat release, according to the " Testing criteria of personnel dosimetry performance"(GBZ207-2008)requirements for individual dose to carry out monitoring.3 Cytogenetic detection: Chromosome aberration used whole blood cell culture method, according to " Test and assessment of chromosomal aberrations on occupational health examinations for radiation works"(GBZ/T248-2014). Micronucleus test used microwhole blood culture method for routine analysis.4 Statistical analysis: we used SPSS statistical software for data processing of radiation workers in different types of work, age, contact length, types of units, the cumulative dose of chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate were analyzed using x2 test(a = 0.05 level test bilateral) and analyzed the effects of radiation workers and chromosome aberration of variable rate and micronucleus cell rate of related factors by multifactor Logistic regression analysis.Results:1 In 2015, the per capita annual effective doses of radiation workers in Shijiazhuang was 0.95mSv/a, and the abnormal rate was 0.02%. The abnormal rate of radiation intervention group was 1.17%, and the abnormal rate was 0.96%,radiation diagnosis, nuclear medicine, nuclear instrumentation group did not find a dose of abnormal, there were no significant difference among the groups(P>0.05).2 With increase of age group, chromosome fragment, "dicentric body and cenric rings"(hereinafter referred to as the "double + ring"), centric rings of aberration and micronucleus cell rate of radiation workers increased gradually, The chromosome aberration rate(0.702%) and micronucleus rate(0.298%) in >20 years group were higher than 10 to 0 years and 20 to 11 years, each group had significant difference(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the rate of chromosomal aberration and the rate of micronucleus in the smoking and non smoking group, and there was no significant difference(P>0.05). The comparisons in different ages,age was in 30 ~ 39 chromosome aberration rate was higher than that in less than 30 years old, 40 ~ 49 years old and over 50 years old group, 50 years old group micronucleus rate(0.280%) was higher than those in the other groups, and each group had significant difference(P < 0.05).The comparisons in different types of work, the chromosome aberration rate(0.828%) and micronucleus rate(0.364%) in the intervention group were higher than that in the radiation diagnosis, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy and nuclear instrumentation group, and there were significant differences among the groups(P<0.05).The comparison in sexes, the change of chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate in male was not significant, and there was no significant difference between men and women(P>0.05).The comparisons in different units, the chromosome aberration rate(being 0.658) and micronucleus rate(0.271%) of private medical institutions was higher than that of the provincial, municipal, county, township and non medical institutions, each group had significant difference(P < 0.05). The comparison in annual dose, the rate of chromosome aberration(1.313%) and micronucleus cell rate(0.256%) in >5mSV group were higher than those in <0.5mSV, 0.5 to 5mSV group, and there were significant differences in each group(P<0.05). The comparison in control groups, group of fragments of exposure, "double+ring", acentric rings and micronucleus rate were was higher in the control group than in the exposure group and the control group with significant difference(P < 0.05).3 The incidence of chromosomal aberration rate of radiation workers iwas related to the annual dose, the type of work and unit class.Annual doses, types of work and unit class were negative, and exp(beta) <1. The occurrence of abnormal rate of micronucleus cells was related to the annual dose, the type of work and the unit class. Annual dose, type of work and the unit class were negative, and exp(beta) <1.Conclusion:The effect of small dose ionizing radiation on cell genetics was closely related to the type of work, The more cumulative doses of occupational exposure group, the rate of chromosome aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes, the higher the rate of micronucleus cells, the more obvious the effect of chronic radiation injury.Radiation workers were exposed to low dose radiation for a long time, which was easy to cause the peripheral blood lymphocytes and chromosome aberration rate increased significantly, There were significant differences between different working positions and contact ages, The chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus cell rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes were higher in the peripheral blood lymphocytes.We Should strengthen the corresponding positions and personnel radiation health protection, in order to reduce the occupational hazards of ionizing radiation, to protect the occupational health of radiation workers. |
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