Study On The Volatile Compounds Of Radix Aucklandiae And Xianglian Preparations

Radix Aucklandiae(RA),a perennial herb of the familily Asteraceae,derived from the dried root of Aucklandia lappa Dence.It was firstly described in “Shengnong Ben Cao Jing”.The main efficacy of RA wasto relieve pain and regulate spleen and stomach.RA was wildly applied in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formula,such as Xianglian(XL)preparations,containing two herbal components,Rhizoma coptidis(RC)and RA,dominantly employed in patients suffering dysentery,enteritis,fever and abdominal pain.The current research about RA has been focused on the analysis and pharmacological evaluation of the sesquiterpene lactones compounds.For the XL preparations,current quality control method only contains TLC identification of RA and RC,and determination of content ofberberine hydrochloride.The whole volatile compounds research was relatively difficult and rare.Due to the characteristics of multi-component,multisystem,multi-target effect of TCM,the analysis and overall control of effective volatile compounds in RA is necessary.The main research contents of this study are as follows:1.By the comparision of extraction by essential oil extractor and SPME,the results showed that SPME could provide much more information about volatile compounds.By the optimization of condition of SPME and GC-MS,SPME/GC-MS was showed to be the optimal method in analysis of volatile compounds in RA.Employing with reference standards,Kovats RI,GC-MS data library and relevant papers,34 volatile compounds were unequivocally or tentatively identified.2.The above SPME/GC-MS method was employed in analysis of RA originated from different areas.Thrity-four common peaks existed in 12 batches of RA.The method of fingerprint and multivariate statistics were applied in evaluation of quality of RA samples.The results showed that these samples had good similarity.Further,PCA was applied in exploring potential discriminant variables contributing most to the different samples.The method provided a scientific basis for quality control of volatile compounds in RA.3.Both DPPH free radical scavenging assay and ABTS determination of total antioxidant capacity were applied in the determined in antioxidant activity.The results showed that the IC50 and TEAC of RA originated from different areas had significant differences.Further,by the correlation analysis of volatile compounds and antioxidant activity,the results showed that compounds with structures of benzene ring and naphthene,olefine aldehydes,and alcohols in essential oil of RA were the compounds with significant antioxidant activity.4.The antimicrobial activity of essential oil of RA was determined by paper-disc method and tube dilution method with antibiotic ampicillin as positive control.The results showed that the essential oil of RA had strong antimicrobial activity to Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and Gambogic micrococcus,no antimicrobial activity to Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.The inhibition activity of concentration of 40mg/ml of essential oil to Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and Gambogic micrococcus were equivalent to the concentration of 5?g/ml,5?g/ml,2.5?g/mlampicillin,respectively.The essential oil of RA from Sichuan and Yunnan had no significant difference on Staphylococcus aureus,Gambogic micrococcus and Bacillus subtilis.Further,by the correlation analysis of volatile compounds and antimicrobial activity,1H-Benzocycloheptene,2,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-,(R)-and Benzene,1-methyl-4-(1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl)-,(R)-were the compounds with siginificant antibacterial activity.5.The SPME/GC-MS method described above was employed in analysis of XL preparation in different dosage forms.The results showed that 15 common peaks were identified.Moreover,PCA showed that condensed pills and watered pills were clustered one group,and capsules and tablets were classified into the other one.Furthermore,the fingerprints of two groups were separately established.Then by the similarity evaluation and PCA,the content of volatile compounds in the first group made by mixing raw RA powders fluctuated less than the second group made byRA essential oil,indicating the better quality of condensed pills and watered pills.