| As we all know,plasticizers,pesticide and plant growth regulators are common food pollutants.With the development of science and technology,and the people's awareness of the health hazards of food contaminants,food safety has already been a public concern."Food for the first" requirement becomes more urgent.Accordingly,improving the food safety level has already become a major and urgent task for Chinese people.However,the foundation of food safety in China is still weak and the underlying problems about food safety have not been solved fundamentally.Among which,one of the urgent problems need to be solved is to clarify the common level for contaminant residue in food.Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution and residual levels of some food pollutants by determing phthalate esters(PAEs),pesticides and plant growth regulators(PGRs)residues in edible vegetable oil,vegetables and fruits.Materials and Methods:1.Sample collection: all samples were purchased from local markets and supermarkets in various districts and counties in Xi'an city.1)40 edible vegetable oil samples were made in Xi'an and production date was less than one week,the packaging material was plastic bucket.2)369 vegetable samples,including roots,stems,cauliflower,fruits,fungi and leafy vegetables,totally 6 kinds of vegetables.Except some edible fungi,other vegetables were all growed in Xi'an city.3)90 fruit samples,including apples,kiwi and so on,totally 15 kinds of fruits.Except tropic fruit,such as mango,grapefruit and pineapple,other fruits were all seasonal fruit and growed in Xi'an city.2.Methods:1)According to the method of GB/T 21911-2008,16 kinds of PAEs residues in edible oil were determined by GC-MS.2)According to the standard operating procedures for the determination of pesticide multi-component residues in plant-derived samples of the National Code of Work on Food Contaminants and Hazardous Factors in 2015.A total of 51 pesticides in vegetables were determined by GC-MS.3)According to the standard operating procedures for the determination of plant growth regulators in fruits in the Handbook of National Food Contaminants and Hazardous Factors in 2015.Five PAEs in fruit were determined by GC-MS.Results:1)The results showed that PAEs were found positive in 92.5% edible vegetable oils samples,which were polluted by DEHP,DBP,DNP,DMP,DIBP and DNOP.The detection rates were 92.5%,2.5%,17.5%,5.0%,10.0% and 5.0%,respectively.2)The results showed that 70.73% of the samples were not detected for some pesticides and 29.23% of the samples had pesticide residues with different level in vegetables samples.Among them,the detection rates of organophosphorus pesticides,organochlorine and carbamate pesticides and pyrethroid pesticides were 11.38%,8.13%(organochlorine 3.25%,carbamate pesticides 4.88%)and19.78% respectively,and the over standard rates were 3.25%,2.71%(organochlorine 1.08%,carbamate pesticides 1.63%)and 0.54% respectively.3)The results showed that 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid(4-CPA)and Indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)were detected in kiwi and strawberries,and the detection rateswere28.6% and 37.5% respectively.Conclusion:The results suggested that the PAEs residues in vegetable oil and the pesticides residues in some vegetables were serious,more over,some prohibited pesticides were detected in certain vegetables.Two PGRs were detected in a few fruit samples,indicating that the fruit was contaminated by PGRs.A variety of residual contaminants were detected in this study,and they may have potential health hazards,and should be paid much more attention on it. |
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