Research On The Risk Perception And Processing Bias In Emergency Information

Objective:Risk perception refers to the feeling and cognition of people for the factors of daily life an work.It is the index of scaling public panic.Risk perception related to events pays more attention on related information of risk events and emphasizes on effects on individual cognition,decision making and behaviors of experience from subjective judgments and feelings.The researches on risk perception mainly focus on the fields in which how people face the threat of disasters and the questions of new technologies.The researches on risk perception are helpful for risk analysis,risk appraisal,risk management,etc.On the other hand,the psychological scaling paradigm of quantitative measurement of risk perception has received a great development.Research on the risk perception and processing bias in Emergency information.At the same time,it provide an important base for understanding public reactions to various of Emergencies.Methods:To find the peculiarity of Risk perception in different emergency.to investigate the influences on population cognitive and Psychological expectations in the different stage and the effect of different anxious emotion on population cognitive in the event of the missing Malaysia Airlines MH370.After focus group discussions,a pilot questionnaire,and an anonymous survey were conducted using the internet,an Ebola Risk Perception Questionnaire(ERPQ)was developed as an explorative factor analysis tool to conduct investigations in both China and Liberia to determine the differences in people's risk perceptions according to gender,age and nationality.In particular,a longitudinal study of Chinese People's Liberation Army(PLA)Medical Contingent(CPMC)members surveyed their levels of mental health,self-efficacy and event risk perception to determine whether there is a correlation among risk perception,mental health and self-efficacy and to identify how the members' risk perception levels changed after arriving in Liberia.ParticipantsUse self-developed the Missing Airlines MH370 Mass Survey(MAMS)to collect the public attitudes about the event of the missing Malaysia Airlines MH370 on the network platforms such as Microblog,Wechat,Baidu Post Bar and so on.The results produced by 810 testees from 3 stages in the event and by 617 testees from different anxious emotion groups were analyzed with the software SPSS18.0.To develop the Risk perception of the Ebola hemorrhagic fever(an Ebola virus disease)in West Africa 2014,a first anonymous survey was distributed among Chinese netizens and consisted of 856 questionnaires containing 30 items each;722 of these questionnaires were considered valid.The recovery rate was 84.3%.The subjects came from 23 provinces in China,of whom 233(32.3%)were male and 489(67.7%)were female.The average age of the subjects was 29.34±8.04 years.The other sample survey included 1185 Chinese subjects(average age,31.12±8.55 years;42.2% male,57.8% female),246 Liberian subjects(average age,32.38±9.13 years;64.2% male,35.8% female)and 168 CPMC members(average age,35.50±7.24 years;43.3% male,56.7% female),of whom 35 were involved in a tracking study.Results:1.In the emergency of MH370,there was significant different on cognition of clues and causes in the different stages(p<0.05).The mass attitudes trend to cautious and conservative because of the information environment was filled with a large number of uncertain information.2.There was significant effect on cognition of clues and objective facts in different anxious emotion(p<0.05),the effect of state anxiety is different from the effect of the trait anxiety.3.The results primarily showed that people's risk perception in Emergencies differs by gender and age(p<0.05).4.The ERCQ of 16 items is developed in which the split half reliability is 0.692,the retest reliability is 0.95 and the Cronbach's ? coefficient is 0.633.5.Principal component analysis reveals a Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin index(KMO)of 0.818.Through a Varimax rotation,we extract 4 factors that can account for 56.52% of the total variation.6.The results showed that general efficacy had a significant relationship with risk perception,and,to a certain extent,the changes in risk perception are relevant to mental health and anxiety factors.Conclusion:We found different levels of risk perception in Emergencies according to gender,age and epidemic area.The simplicity and lack of complete information about the risk event and self-efficacy play important roles in risk perception.To a certain extent,the mental health level and anxiety state could predict changes in risk perception.