The Rise Of Aristocrats Immigrated From North And Scenery Poems In Yonghe Period Of Eastern Jin Dynasty

The period of Wei-Jin South and North Dynasties was a war-ridden and disordered era full of political turbulences and frequent dynasty alterations. Against this backdrop, the Yonghe period of Eastern Jin dynasty was relatively peaceful. During this period, the wars were stopped temporarily and the peaceful political situation provided a good environment for the development of aristocracy. The aristocrats immigrated from north had not only took the center stages of politics, economy, and culture, but also that of literary creation, and had become a major part of the mainstream of literary creation. As the major writers of scenery poems, the aristocrats immigrated from north helped to push up the rise of scenery poems during the Yonghe period of Eastern Jin dynasty. The writing of scenery poems during Yonghe period was represented by three major literary groups, among which the Dongshan literary group including the aristocrats immigrated from north like the Wang clan and Xie clan contributed the best scenery poems. Yonghe scenery poems, represented by Lan Ting poems, began to rise with their writers' painstaking creation. The reasons behind the rise of aristocratic scenery poems were the aristocrats' choosing of reformation and the inevitable trend of historical development. The rise of scenery poems was closely related to the political situation in which the aristocrats were forced to emigrate to south and content with temporary ease and comfort in south of the Yangtze River and the special political situation of the Yonghe period. These elements together constituted the external reason for the rise of scenery poems. Apart from that, the writing of scenery poems features a strong sense of ideology and culture of the aristocrats immigrated from north. The culture of the aristocrats immigrated from north included pre-Qin Confucianism, Confucius studies in Han dynasty, Wei-Jin metaphysics, early Taoism, and the Buddhism. Those were the internal reason for the writing of scenery poems. The writing of scenery poems reflects the characteristics of politics, economy, ideology, and culture of the aristocrats immigrated from north, their historical roles during the Yonghe period, and the impact of their choice on the historical development. The rise of scenery poems during the Yonghe period influenced the lives and interests of the aristocrats immigrated from north as well as the political situation, and it also had a profound impact on Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun's pastoral poems in Eastern Jin dynasty and the scenery poems in Tang dynasty.